早期的西班牙殖民者称波多黎各和其西部的岛屿为“Sotavento”,意为“背风”。波多黎各南部和东部的岛屿则被称为“Islas de Barlovento”,意为“向风”。当英国控制了小安的列斯群岛中大部分岛屿后,他们将安提瓜、蒙特塞拉特和北部的岛屿称为背风群岛。瓜德罗普和南部的岛屿则被称为向风群岛。再后来,马提尼克以北的所有岛屿都被称为背风群岛[3]。多米尼加最初被认为是背风群岛的一部分,但在1940年被英国划归到了向风群岛[4]。
然而,在除英语以外的语言中,尤其是荷兰语、法语和西班牙语,从维尔京群岛到特立尼达和多巴哥的所有小安的列斯群岛都被称为向风群岛(荷兰语中称为Bovenwindse Eilanden,法语中称为Îles du Vent,西班牙语中称为Islas de Barlovento)。ABC群岛和委内瑞拉海岸沿线的其他岛屿(在英语中被称为背风安的列斯群岛),在除英语以外的语言中被称为背风群岛。
^J. C. Hart and W. T. Stone (1982), A Cruising Guide to the Caribbean and the Bahamas, Dodd, Mead & Co., p. 601, ISBN0-396-08023-5.
^The Leewards. The New York Times. 20 December 1964 [11 November 2021]. ISSN 0362-4331. (原始内容存档于2023-01-07) (美国英语). The Leeward Islands, a cluster of isles in the Caribbean under United States, British, Dutch and French flags, are strung out in a 400-mile‐long arc between Puerto Rico and Martinique. The group takes its name from the geographic fact that it is farther from the direct route of the rain‐carrying northeasterly trade winds than the neighboring Windward Islands. One of the islands, Dominica, is geographically part of the Leewards, but, since 1940, has been politically and administratively part of the British Windioard Islands.