在義大利全面介入西班牙內戰之前,墨索里尼已授權“志願者”前往西班牙,導致法西斯黨領袖阿爾科諾瓦爾多·博納科西(也被稱為“羅西伯爵”)領導的一支部隊佔領了巴利阿里群島最大的島嶼馬略卡島。[4] 他也被派往馬略卡島擔任義大利在巴利阿里群島的總領事[5],抵達後博納科西宣布義大利將永久佔領該島[6] 並實施恐怖統治,處決了3,000名被指控為共產主義者的人,並槍殺所有監獄的犯人。[4] 在馬略卡島戰役之後,博納科西將馬略卡島帕爾馬大街的主要街道重新命名為羅馬大道,並用羅馬鷹雕像裝飾它。博納科西後來因在馬略卡島的活動而受到意大利的獎勵。[7] Bonaccorsi was later rewarded by Italy for his activity in Majorca.[4]
^ 4.04.14.2Mr. Ray Moseley. Mussolini's Shadow: The Double Life of Count Galeazzo Ciano. Yale University Press, 2000. Pp. 27.
^Mr. Ray Moseley. Mussolini's Shadow: The Double Life of Count Galeazzo Ciano. Yale University Press, 2000. Pp. 27.
^Raanan Rein. Spain and the Mediterranean Since 1898. London, England, UK; Portland, Oregon, USA: FRANK CASS, 1999. Pp. 155.
^Abulafia, David. 2001. The Great Sea: A Human History of the Mediterranean. Oxford University Press. p. 604
^S. Balfour. Spain and the Great Powers in the Twentieth Century. Routledge, London, England, UK; New York, New York, USA: 1999. p. 172.
^ 9.09.19.2Reynolds Mathewson Salerno. Vital Crossroads: Mediterranean Origins of the Second World War, 1935-1940. Cornell University, 2002. Pp. 32.
^Reynolds Mathewson Salerno. Vital Crossroads: Mediterranean Origins of the Second World War, 1935-1940. Cornell University, 2002. Pp. 29.
^ 11.011.1Robert H. Whealey. Hitler And Spain: The Nazi Role in the Spanish Civil War, 1936-1939. Paperback edition. Lexington, Kentucky, USA: University of Kentucky Press, 2005. Pp. 62.