維維恩·西奧多·托馬斯(英語:Vivien Theodore Thomas,1910年8月29日—1985年11月26日)是一名美國外科手術技師。1944年,托馬斯和外科醫生阿爾弗雷德·布萊洛克、心臟學家海倫·陶西格在救治一名法洛四联症患兒時,首次實施了布萊洛克-托馬斯-陶西格分流術[1][2][3]。手術的成功直接打破了當時醫學界對心臟外科手術的忌諱[1][2]。
由於托馬斯是黑人,因此他在外科領域的貢獻曾長期不獲承認。後來美國國內的種族歧視逐漸弱化,托馬斯的貢獻才漸漸為世人所知[4]。他的故事由HBO於2004年拍攝為傳記型電影《天賜良醫》。
參考
- ^ 1.0 1.1 Beaty, C. A., George, T. J., & Conte, J. V. Centennial Presidential Perspective: Dr. Alfred Blalock (PDF). The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. 2012年2月, 143 (2): 260–263 [2015-03-23]. doi:10.1016/j.jtcvs.2011.10.071. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2019-03-06).
- ^ 2.0 2.1 Field, Mike. "Hopkins pioneered 'blue baby' surgery 50 years ago; 'I Remember ... Thinking It Was Impossible'". The Gazette. 1995-05-30 [2020-02-19]. (原始内容存档于2012-06-21).
- ^ McCabe, Katie. Like Something the Lord Made (PDF). The Washingtonian. 1989-08 [2015-03-23]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2015-04-02).
- ^ 心脏外科手术先驱维维恩·托马斯. share.America.gov. 美國國務院國際信息局. 2018-02-13 [2020-02-19].
伸延閱讀
- McCabe, Katie. Like Something the Lord Made. Washingtonian. August 1989.
- Thomas, Vivien. Pioneering Research in Surgical Shock and Cardiovascular Surgery: Vivien Thomas and his Work with Alfred Blalock: an Autobiography. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. 1985. ISBN 978-0-8122-7989-4.
- Thomas, Vivien. Partners of the Heart: Vivien Thomas and His Work with Alfred Blalock pbk. University of Pennsylvania Press. 1998. ISBN 0-8122-1634-2. (originally published as Pioneering Research in Surgical Shock and Cardiovascular Surgery: Vivien Thomas and His Work with Alfred Blalock)
- (2003) Timmermans Stefan, "A Black Technician and Blue Babies" in Social Studies of Science 33:2 (April 2003), 197–229.
- (2006) Tsung O. Cheng, "Hamilton Naki and Christiaan Barnard Versus Vivien Thomas and Alfred Blalock: Similarities and Dissimilarities" in American Journal of Cardiology 97:3 (February 1, 2006), 435–436.
- (2003). Partners of the Heart. (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) American Experience
- (2004) "Something the Lord Made", HBO movie, Portrayed by Mos Def
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