皮肤感染 (英语:Skin infection)是指人类 或其他动物 的皮肤 受到感染 。皮肤感染不仅会影响皮肤,它还会影响相关的软组织 ,例如蜂窝组织 和黏膜 。[來源請求] 皮肤感染包括一类称为皮肤和皮肤结构感染 (SSSI)(也称为皮肤和软组织感染(SSTI)[ 1] 或急性细菌性SSSI(ABSSSI))的感染。[ 2] 皮肤感染不同于皮炎 (发生在皮肤的炎症 ),[ 3] [ 4] 虽然皮肤感染可能导致皮炎。[ 5]
成因
细菌
蜂窝组织炎示例,左腿3+水肿
2013年,细菌性皮肤感染影响了约1.55亿人,而其中蜂窝组织炎 约有6亿人感染。[ 6] 常见的细菌 性皮肤感染包括:
真菌
真菌 性皮肤感染可能表现为皮肤、毛发 或指甲 的浅表或深层感染。足菌肿 是一大类真菌感染,其特征是起源于足部 的皮肤和皮下组织。[ 18] 如果没有及时进行适当地治疗,足菌肿感染可以扩展到更深的组织,如骨骼 和关节 ,导致骨髓炎 。[ 19] 广泛的骨髓炎可能需要手术切除骨甚至下肢截肢。[ 19] 截止至2010年,它们影响了全球约10亿人。[ 20] 常见的真菌性皮肤感染包括:
寄生虫
寄生虫 性皮肤感染是由几个生物门 引起的,包括环节动物门 、节肢动物门 、外肛动物门 、脊索动物门 、刺胞动物门 、蓝藻门 、棘皮动物门 、线虫动物门 、扁形动物门 和原生动物门 。[ 28]
病毒
这些强制性的细胞内 制剂引起的与病毒 有关的皮肤病源于DNA 和RNA 病毒。[ 29] 常见的病毒性皮肤感染包括:
参考文献
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^ In the WHO classification, it is noted that the infection classification "Excludes:... infective dermatitis...". See the WHO classification, op. cit.
^ Skin inflammation due to skin infection is called "infective dermatitis". See the WHO classifications, op. cit.
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