特立尼达岛

千里達
La Isla de la Trinidad
綽號:Land of the Hummingbird
千里達及右上方的托巴哥
千里達在小安的列斯群岛的位置
地图
地理
位置加勒比
坐标10°27′38″N 61°14′55″W / 10.46056°N 61.24861°W / 10.46056; -61.24861
面積4,748平方公里(1,833平方英里)
最高海拔940米(3080英尺)
最高點El Cerro del Aripo
管轄
 千里達及托巴哥
首府西班牙港
最大查瓜納斯(人口83,516)
人口统计
人口1,267,145[1](2011)
人口密度266人/平方公里(689人/平方英里)
語言特立尼達英語 / 特立尼達克里奧爾語[3][2]
族群印度人,非裔黑人混血美洲原住民白人华裔阿拉伯人[2]
其他资料
时区

特立尼达岛(英語:Trinidad Island;西班牙語:Isla Trinidad),又称千里达岛,是特立尼达和多巴哥两主岛中较大者,位于西印度群岛最西南部,距南美洲大陆委内瑞拉海岸仅11公里。特立尼达岛面积4,768平方公里,是西印度群岛中第六大岛,也是小安的列斯群岛中面积最大者。

克里斯托弗·哥伦布于1498年发现该岛[4],因岛上三座并列的山峰而将该岛命名为“特立尼达”,意为“三位一体”。此后该岛长期被西班牙占有,直到1797年转入英国手中,1888年与多巴哥岛组成联合殖民地,1962年获得独立[4]

經濟

特立尼达和多巴哥的经济英语economy of Trinidad and Tobago多元化,但很大程度上以出产石油天然气沥青為主(佔GDP四成),其次是石油相關工業、農業及食品加工業[5]。本島是全世界其中一個領先的氣基出口中心,除了是氨氣甲醇的主要出口國,其液化天然气出口量亦達全球五大[5]。该岛资源丰富,使矿业成为其國家支柱产业,依靠島上的礦藏生利,晉身石油儲備國及經濟穩定國之列[5]

但另一方面,當地的天然瀝青產於湖裡,而這個天然瀝青湖也成為了當地特色旅遊的目的地。

参考资料

  1. ^ Trinidad and Tobago 2011 Population and Housing Census Demographic Report (PDF) (报告). Trinidad and Tobago Central Statistical Office: 26. [27 May 2016]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-10-09). 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 CIA Factbook. [2018-06-01]. (原始内容存档于2019-01-07). 
  3. ^ 存档副本. [2018-06-01]. (原始内容存档于2021-04-22). 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 特立尼达铁路地图. World Digital Library. 1925 [2013-10-25]. (原始内容存档于2021-04-22). 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Trinidad and Tobago. www.gecf.org. [2019-08-22]. (原始内容存档于2021-04-22). 

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