^人文主义并不是一门研究人的科学,该词的拉丁词汇[h]umanista在15世纪是作为一个意大利学术术语,用来指代学习古典文学和相关艺术学科(包括修辞学)的学生或者教授这类学科的老师。16世纪末出现的英文对应词humanist意思与之大致相同。直到19世纪,该词于1809年首次在德语里出现,从此形容词转变为名词humanism,开始意指古希腊和罗马的文学以及源于此的人文价值。 (Nicholas Mann "The Origins of Humanism", Cambridge Companion to Humanism, Jill Kraye, editor [Cambridge University Press, 1996], p. 1–2).
^Craig W. Kallendorf, introduction to Humanist Educational Treatises, edited and translated by Craig W. Kallendorf (Cambridge, Massachusetts and London England: The I Tatti Renaissance Library, 2002) p. vii.
^Paul Oskar Kristeller, Renaissance Thought II: Papers on Humanism and the Arts (New York: Harper Torchbooks, 1965), p. 178. See also Kristeller's Renaissance Thought I, "Humanism and Scholasticism In the Italian Renaissance", Byzantion 17 (1944–45), pp. 346–74. Reprinted in Renaissance Thought (New York: Harper Torchbooks), 1961.
^See Humanist Educational Treatises, (2001) pp. 126–259. This volume (pp. 92–125) contains an essay by Leonardo Bruni, entitled "The Study of Literature", on the education of girls.
^直到1564年,一位法国的评论家Denys Lambin (1519–72)在他的著书前言里宣称:“他把卢克莱修的伊壁鸠鲁享乐主义观点看待为'稀奇古怪、荒诞和反基督教主义'的东西以后直到19世纪,这篇前言才成为标准。(详见 Jill Kraye's essay, "Philologists and Philosophers" in the Cambridge Companion to Renaissance Humanism [1996], p. 153.) 伊壁鸠鲁的享乐主义成为不太普及哲学理念的最高代表(Kraye [1996] p. 154.)
^Charles Trinkhaus把瓦拉的“伊壁鸠鲁享乐主义”看成一种策略型但却没有瓦拉所赋予的强烈蕴意。Trinkhaus以此来反驳斯多葛主义。在他看来,斯多葛主义和伊壁鸠鲁主义都被看作为劣于基督教主义的学说。详见 Trinkaus, In Our Image and Likeness Vol. 1 (University of Chicago Press, 1970), pp. 103–170
^Makdisi, George. Scholasticism and Humanism in Classical Islam and the Christian West. Journal of the American Oriental Society (American Oriental Society). April–June 1989, 109 (2): 175–182. JSTOR 604423. doi:10.2307/604423.