^Hansteen, Thor H; Troll, Valentin R (2003-02-14). "Oxygen isotope composition of xenoliths from the oceanic crust and volcanic edifice beneath Gran Canaria (Canary Islands): consequences for crustal contamination of ascending magmas". Chemical Geology. 193 (3): 181–193. doi:10.1016/S0009-2541(02)00325-X. ISSN 0009-2541
^Blatt, Harvey; Tracy, Robert (1996). Petrology: Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic (2nd Edition). W. H. Freeman. ISBN 0-7167-2438-3