三甲基碘硅烷,又称三甲基碘化硅或 TMSI,是一种有机硅化合物,化学式为(CH3)3SiI。它在室温下是一种无色挥发性液体。
制备
三甲基碘硅烷可以由六甲基乙硅烷和碘单质反应而成。[2] 它也可以由六甲基二硅氧烷和三碘化铝的反应生成:[2][3]
- TMS-TMS + I2 → 2 TMSI (TMS = (CH3)3Si)
- 3 TMS-O-TMS + 2 AlI3 → 6 TMSI + Al2O3
应用
三甲基碘硅烷可以给醇类(ROH)引入三甲基硅基:
- R-OH + TMSI → R-OTMS + HI
由于所得的硅醚比原料(醇)的挥发性更大,因此这种类型的反应对于气相色谱分析可能有用。 [4] 但是,对于制备本体三甲基硅烷基卤的材料,由于三甲基氯硅烷的成本较低,因此是优选的。
TMSI会和醚(ROR′)反应,形成碘代烃和三甲基硅基醚(ROSiMe3),其水解可以生成醇。[5]
三甲基碘硅烷可以用来移除叔丁氧羰基,[2][6][7]并适用于其他脱保护方法不可行的情况下。[8]
参考资料
- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Michael E. Jung, Michael J. Martinelli, George A. Olah, G. K. Surya Prakash, Jinbo Hu. Iodotrimethylsilane. October 15, 2005. ISBN 978-0471936237. doi:10.1002/047084289X.ri043.pub2.
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Olah, G; Narang, S. C. Iodotrimethylsilane—a versatile synthetic reagent. Tetrahedron. 1982, 38 (15): 2225. doi:10.1016/0040-4020(82)87002-6.
- ^ (1988) "Cleavage of Methyl Ethers with Iodotrimethylsilane: Cyclohexanol from Cyclohexyl Methyl Ether". Org. Synth.; Coll. Vol. 6: 353.
- ^ GC/MS Analysis for Morphine and Other Opiates in Urine (PDF). [失效連結]
- ^ Michael E. Jung; Mark A. Lyster. Quantitative dealkylation of alkyl ethers via treatment with trimethylsilyl iodide. A new method for ether hydrolysis. J. Org. Chem. 1977, 42 (23): 3761–3764. doi:10.1021/jo00443a033.
- ^ Michael E. Jung; Mark A. Lyster. Conversion of alkyl carbamates into amines via treatment with trimethylsilyl iodide. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1978, (7): 315–316. doi:10.1039/C39780000315.
- ^ Richard S. Lott; Virander S. Chauhan; Charles H. Stammer. Trimethylsilyl iodide as a peptide deblocking agent. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1979, (11): 495–496. doi:10.1039/C39790000495.
- ^ Zhijian Liu; Nobuyoshi Yasuda; Michael Simeone; Robert A. Reamer. N-Boc Deprotection and Isolation Method for Water-Soluble Zwitterionic Compounds. J. Org. Chem. 2014, 79 (23): 11792–11796. PMID 25376704. doi:10.1021/jo502319z.