^A History of Singapore, 1819-1988: 1819-1988 By Constance Mary Turnbull Published by Oxford University Press, 1989; ISBN 0-19-588911-8, ISBN 978-0-19-588911-6; p. 92, 93, 99
^Historical Dictionary of Singapore By K. Mulliner, Lian The-Mulliner Published by Scarecrow Press, 1991; ISBN 0-8108-2504-X, 9780810825048; pp. 63, 146, 148
^The American Neptune By Peabody Museum of Salem, Peabody Essex Museum Published by Peabody Museum of Salem, 1966; Item notes: v.26-27 1966-1967; p. 113
^Management of Success: The Moulding of Modern Singapore By Kernial Singh Sandhu, Paul Wheatley, Syed Hussein Alatas Published by Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 1989; ISBN 9971-988-96-8, ISBN 978-9971-988-96-8; p. 12
^Tanjong Pagar: A Pictorial Journey (1819-1989) = Tan-jung Pa-ko Tʻu Pʻien Chi By Tanjong Pagar Constituency (Singapore, Tanjong Pagar Citizens' Consultative Committee, Tanjong Pagar Constituency (Singapore), Tanjong Pagar Citizens' Consultative Committee Published by Tanjong Pagar Constituency, 1989; ISBN 981-3002-27-1, ISBN 978-981-3002-27-2; p. 182