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^Rudolph Rittmeyer: "Seekriege und Seekriegswesen in ihrer weltgeschichtlichen Entwicklung", E. S. Mittler, Berlin 1907
^Brian Lavery: The Arming and Fitting of English Ships of War 1600-1815, Conway Maritime Press Ltd 1999, ISBN 978-0-85177-451-0, p.62-65
^Jean MacIntosh Turfa, Alwin Steinmayer Jr: "The Syracusia as a Giant Cargo Vessel", The International Journal of Nautical Archaeology, Vol. 28, No. 2 (1999), pp. 105-125 (107-109)
^D.J. Blackman: "Further Early Evidence of Hull Sheathing", The International Journal of Nautical Archaeology, Vol. 1, No. 1 (1972), pp.117-119 (118)
^Workman-Davies, Bradley : "Corvus: A Review of the Design and Use of the Roman Boarding Bridge During the First Punic War 264 -241 B.C", pp. 85
^R. H. Dolley: "The Warships of the Later Roman Empire", The Journal of Roman Studies, Vol. 38, Parts 1 and 2 (1948), pp. 47-53 (50)
^Mark Kurlansky: The Basque History of the World, Walker & Company, New York 1999, ISBN 0-8027-1349-1, p. 56
^Jochen Brennecke: Geschichte der Schiffahrt, Kunzelsau 1986 (2nd. ed.), p.138
^H.J.A. Sire: "The Knights of Malta", Yale University Press 1996, ISBN 978-0-300-06885-6, p.88
^Ernle Dusgate Selby Bradford: "The Sultan's Admiral: The Life of Barbarossa", Harcourt, Brace & World, 1968, p.177
^J. Rudlov: "Die Einfuhrung der Panzerung im Kriegschiffbau und die Entwicklung der ersten Panzerflotten", Beitrage zur Geschichte der Technik und Industrie, Vol. 2, No. 1 (1910)
^"Fighting ships of the Far-East (1)", Stephen Turnbull, p22
^Turnbull, Stephen: Fighting Ships of the Far East (1): China and Southeast Asia 202 BC-AD 1419
^Hawley, Samuel: The Imjin War. Japan's Sixteenth-Century Invasion of Korea and Attempt to Conquer China, The Royal Asiatic Society, Korea Branch, Seoul 2005, ISBN 89-954424-2-5, p.198
^ abcdHawley, Samuel: The Imjin War. Japan's Sixteenth-Century Invasion of Korea and Attempt to Conquer China, The Royal Asiatic Society, Korea Branch, Seoul 2005, ISBN 89-954424-2-5, p.195f.
^Roh, Young-koo: "Yi Sun-shin, an Admiral Who Became a Myth", The Review of Korean Studies, Vol. 7, No. 3 (2004), p.13