研究者によっては EI をIQと同様の認識能力と考えており(例:メイヤーとサロベイ、2000年)、またある研究者は判明した能力と個性の組み合わせと考えており(例:シュッテ等、1998年)、さらに別の研究者は計測可能な技能と考えている[10]。このように様々な異なる見方があるため、結果的に EI に関するいくつもの研究領域が生まれてきた。
EIが生活や仕事の技能の能力を予言できるとゴールマンは主張するが、彼はそれを証明していないという批判がある。最近の著作でもゴールマン達は、実証していないが、EIがリーダーシップに対し役立つと主張した。これに対しても、Antonakis (2003, p. 359) によると、学術界の中で論争が起きている。[17][18]
^Thorndike, R.K. (1920). "Intelligence and Its Uses," Harper's Magazine 140, 227-335.
^Gardner, H. (1975) The Shattered Mind. New York: Knopf.
^Smith, M. K. (2002) "Howard Gardner and multiple intelligences," the encyclopedia of informal education, Downloaded from http://www.infed.org/thinkers/gardner.htm on October 31, 2005.
^Payne, W.L. (1985). A study of emotion: developing emotional intelligence; self-integration; relating to fear, pain and desire (theory, structure of reality, problem-solving, contraction/expansion, tuning in/comingout/letting go). A Doctoral Dissertation. Cincinnati, OH: The Union For Experimenting Colleges And Universities (now The Union Institute). Abstract available at http://eqi.org/payne.htm
^Goleman, D. (1996). Emotional Intelligence: why it can matter more than IQ. London : Bloomsbury. (ISBN 0-7475-2622-2)
^Tett, R. P., Fox, K. E., & Wang, A. (2005). Development and validation of a self-report measure of emotional intelligence as a multidimensional trait domain. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 31, 859-888.
^Roberts, R.D., Zeidner, M., and Matthews, G. (2001). "Does Emotional Intelligence Meet Traditional Standards for an Intelligence? Some New Data and Conclusions." Emotion, Vol 1, no 3, pages 196-231. Web pre-publication version available at http://eqi.org/ei_abs4.htm accessed 19 Sept 2006.
^Mayer, J., Salovey, P., Caruso, D.R., and Sitarenios, G. (2001) "Emotional intelligence as a standard intelligence." Emotion, 1, 232-242.
^Antonakis, J. (2003). Why “emotional intelligence” does not predict leadership effectiveness: A comment on Prati, Douglas, Ferris, Ammeter, and Buckley. The International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 11(4), 355-361.
^Antonakis, J. (2004). On why “emotional intelligence” will not predict leadership effectiveness beyond IQ or the “big five”: An extension and rejoinder. Organizational Analysis, 12(2), 171-182.
参考文献
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Fisher, Roger, and Shapiro, Daniel. (2005). Beyond Reason: Using Emotions as You Negotiate. New York: Viking/Penguin.
MacCann, C., Roberts, R.D., Matthews, G., & Zeidner, M. (2004). Consensus scoring and empirical option weighting of performance-based emotional intelligence tests. Personality & Individual Differences, 36, 645-662.
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Warneka, T. (2006). Leading People the Black Belt Way: Conquering the Five Core Problems Facing Leaders Today. Asogomi Press. Cleveland, Ohio. website
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