ピートのキャリアの一つとして、ロンドンの医学研究局(英語版)の統計研究班から始まったリチャード・ドール(英語版)との共同研究がある。ピートは1975年にオックスフォード大学で臨床試験サービスユニット (Clinical Trial Service Unit, CTSU) を立ち上げ、今も共同責任者を務めている。ピートのパラドックスは彼にならって名付けられた。
Gribbin, B; Pickering, TG; Sleight, P; Peto, R (Oct 1971). “Effect of age and high blood pressure on baroreflex sensitivity in man”. Circ. Res.29 (4): 424–31. doi:10.1161/01.res.29.4.424. PMID5110922.
Peto R, Schneiderman M, eds. Quantification of occupational cancer. Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1981. ISBN0-87969-208-1.
Yusuf, S; Peto, R; Lewis, J; Collins, R; Sleight, P (Mar–Apr 1985). “Beta blockade during and after myocardial infarction: an overview of the randomized trials”. Prog Cardiovasc Dis.27 (5): 335–71. doi:10.1016/S0033-0620(85)80003-7. PMID2858114.
Peto R, zur Hausen H, eds. Viral etiology of cervical cancer. Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1986. ISBN0-87969-221-9.
MacMahon, S; Peto, R; Cutler, J; Collins, R; Sorlie, P; Neaton, J; Abbott, R; Godwin, J et al. (Mar 1990). “Blood pressure, stroke, and coronary heart disease. Part 1, Prolonged differences in blood pressure: prospective observational studies corrected for the regression dilution bias”. Lancet335 (8692): 765–74. doi:10.1016/0140-6736(90)90878-9. PMID1969518.
Collins, R; Peto, R; MacMahon, S; Hebert, P; Fiebach, NH; Eberlein, KA; Godwin, J; Qizilbash, N et al. (Apr 1990). “Blood pressure, stroke, and coronary heart disease. Part 2, Short-term reductions in blood pressure: overview of randomised drug trials in their epidemiological context”. Lancet335 (8693): 827–38. doi:10.1016/0140-6736(90)90944-Z. PMID1969567.
Peto R, Imperial Cancer Research Fund (Great Britain), World Health Organization, et al. Mortality from smoking in developed countries, 1950–2000: indirect estimates from national vital statistics. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1994. ISBN0-19-262619-1.
Collins, R; Armitage, J; Parish, S; Sleigh, P; Peto, R; Heart Protection, Study Collaborative Group (Jun 2003). “MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol-lowering with simvastatin in 5963 people with diabetes: a randomised placebo-controlled trial”. Lancet361 (9374): 2005–16. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)13636-7. PMID12814710.
Halliday, A; Mansfield, A; Marro, J; Peto, C; Peto, R; Potter, J; Thomas, D (May 2004). “Prevention of disabling and fatal strokes by successful carotid endarterectomy in patients without recent neurological symptoms: randomised controlled trial”. Lancet363 (9420): 1491–502. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16146-1. PMID15135594.
Baigent, C; Keech, A; Kearney, PM; Blackwell, L; Buck, G; Pollicino, C; Kirby, A; Sourjina, T et al. (Oct 2005). “Efficacy and safety of cholesterol-lowering treatment: prospective meta-analysis of data from 90,056 participants in 14 randomised trials of statins”. Lancet366 (9493): 1267–78. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67394-1. PMID16214597.
Clarke, M; Collins, R; Darby, S; Davies, C; Elphinstone, P; Evans, E; Godwin, J; Gray, R et al. (Dec 2005). “Effects of radiotherapy and of differences in the extent of surgery for early breast cancer on local recurrence and 15-year survival: an overview of the randomised trials”. Lancet366 (9503): 2087–106. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67887-7. PMID16360786.