^Data from Madge, Steve; Burn, Hilary (1994). Crows and Jays: A Guide to the Crows, Jays and Magpies of the World. A & C Black. pp. 132–135. ISBN0-7136-3999-7 for the nominate subspecies in each case, except for the tarsus and weight measurements for Alpine Chough, which are for P. g. digitatus
参考文献
『原色ワイド図鑑4 鳥』、学習研究社、1984年、6頁。
『動物大百科9 鳥III』、平凡社、1986年、146-149頁。
Steve Madge and Hilary Burn, Crows and Jays, London:Christopher Helm, 1994