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A. James Hudspeth
ジェームズ・ハズペス
A. James Hudspeth; ジェームズ・ハズペス
	ジェームズ・ハズペス(2018)
生誕	1945年11月9日（79歳）; アメリカ合衆国テキサス州ヒューストン
国籍	アメリカ合衆国
研究機関	カリフォルニア工科大学; カリフォルニア大学サンフランシスコ校; ロックフェラー大学
出身校	ハーバード大学; ハーバード大学医学大学院
主な業績	聴覚
主な受賞歴	ルイザ・グロス・ホロウィッツ賞 (2020)
	プロジェクト:人物伝
	テンプレートを表示

アルバート・ジェームズ・ハズペス（Albert. James "Jim" Hudspeth, 1945年 11月9日 - ）は、アメリカ合衆国の神経生理学者。ロックフェラー大学教授。

経歴

テキサス州ヒューストン出身。1967年にハーバード大学を卒業、1973年に同大学院芸術科学研究科（Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Science）医学科から生化学のPh. D.を取得し、ついで1974年には同大医学部でトルステン・ウィーセル、デイヴィッド・ヒューベルの研究室に所属し、医学博士号を取得した。その後、カロリンスカ研究所でポスドクとして研修を受けた。1975年からカリフォルニア工科大学、1983年からカリフォルニア大学サンフランシスコ校に所属し、1989年にはテキサス大学メディカルセンターで神経科学の教授を務めた後、1995年から現職。また1993年からハワード・ヒューズ医学研究所研究員。

聴覚の生理学的基礎研究により、聴覚の様々な側面に関わるイオンチャネルを同定した。

受賞歴

主要論文

Holton T & A.J. Hudspeth A Micromechanical contribution to cochlear tuning and tonotopic organization. Science (1983); 222 (4623): 508-510^[1]
D.P. Corey, A.J. Hudspeth Kinetics of the receptor current in bullfrog saccular hair cells. J. Neurosci., 3 (1983): 962-976
Rosenblatt KP, Sun ZP, Heller S, A.J. Hudspeth Distribution of Ca2+-activated K+ channel isoforms along the tonotopic gradient of the chicken's cochlea. Neuron (1997): 19(5): 1061-1075^[2] (note: this research was continued several years later taking advantage of newly available technology^[3])
A.J. Hudspeth How hearing happens. NEURON (1997): 19(5): 947-950^[4]
Lopez-Schier H, Starr CJ, Kappler JA, Kollmar R, A.J. Hudspeth Directional cell migration establishes the axes of planar polarity in the posterior lateral-line organ of the zebrafish. Dev CELL (2004): 7(3):401-412^[5]
Chan DK, A.J. Hudspeth Ca2+ current-driven nonlinear amplification by the mammalian cochlea in vitro. Nature Neuro (2005): 8(2):149-155^[6]
Kozlov AS, Risler T, A.J. Hudspeth Coherent motion of stereocilia assures the concerted gating of hair-cell transduction channels. Nature Neuro (2007): 10(1):87-92^[7]
Kozlov AS, Baumgart J, Risler T, Versteegh CP, A.J. Hudspeth Forces between clustered stereocilia minimize friction in the ear on a subnanometre scale. Nature. (2011): 474 (7351):376-9^[8]
Fisher JA, Nin F, Reichenbach T, Uthaiah RC, A.J. Hudspeth The spatial pattern of cochlear amplification Neuron (2012): 76(5):989-9^[9]

参照

^ Holton, T.; Hudspeth, A. J. (1983). “In this study from 1983, quantitative measurements were made of the motion of individual hair bundles in an excised preparation of the cochlea stimulated at auditory frequencies. The angular displacement of hair bundles is frequency selective and tonotopically organized, demonstrating the existence of a micromechanical tuning mechanism.”. Science 222 (4623): 508–10. doi:10.1126/science.6623089. PMID 6623089.
^ Rosenblatt, K. P.; Sun, Z. P.; Heller, S.; Hudspeth, A. J. (1997). “This landmark research has been featured in the textbook "Molecular Cell Biology" by JE Darnell”. Neuron 19 (5): 1061–75. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80397-9. PMID 9390519.
^ Miranda-Rottmann, S.; Kozlov, A. S.; Hudspeth, A. J. (2010). “Revisiting how a molecular gradient of a potassium channel allows the chicken cochlea to sense progressively lower tones along its structure”. Molecular and Cellular Biology 30 (14): 3646–60. doi:10.1128/MCB.00073-10. PMC 2897565. PMID 20479127.
^ Hudspeth, A. J. (November 1997). “In this review AJ Hudspeth explains the biophysics of the hearing in the light of his own vast contribution to the field.”. Neuron 19 (5): 947–950. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80385-2. PMID 9390507.
^ López-Schier, H.; Starr, C. J.; Kappler, J. A.; Kollmar, R.; Hudspeth, A. J. (2004). “This research shows the embryonic development of the har cells necessary for the zebrafish directional movement in the water”. Developmental Cell 7 (3): 401–12. doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2004.07.018. PMID 15363414.
^ Chan, D. K.; Hudspeth, A. J. (2005). “These results suggest that the Ca2+ current drives the cochlear active process, and they support the hypothesis that active hair-bundle motility underlies cochlear amplification.”. Nature Neuroscience 8 (2): 149–55. doi:10.1038/nn1385. PMC 2151387. PMID 15643426.
^ Kozlov, A. S.; Risler, T.; Hudspeth, A. J. (2007). “Research showing the coordinated movement of the entire hair cell filament bundle”. Nature Neuroscience 10 (1): 87–92. doi:10.1038/nn1818. PMC 2174432. PMID 17173047.
^ Hudspeth, A. J.; Versteegh, Corstiaen P. C.; Risler, Thomas; Baumgart, Johannes; Kozlov, Andrei S. (June 2011). “A combination of high-resolution experiments and detailed numerical modelling of fluid-structure interactions reveals the physical principles behind the basic structural features of hair bundles and shows quantitatively how these organelles are adapted to the needs of sensitive mechanotransduction.”. Nature 474 (7351): 376–379. doi:10.1038/nature10073. PMC 3150833. PMID 21602823.
^ Fisher, J. A.; Nin, F.; Reichenbach, T.; Uthaiah, R. C.; Hudspeth, A. J. (2012). “The spatial pattern of cochlear amplification note: featured as a cover of this journal issue.”. Neuron 76 (5): 989–97. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2012.09.031. PMC 3721062. PMID 23217746.

外部リンク

この項目は、科学者に関連した書きかけの項目です。この項目を加筆・訂正などしてくださる協力者を求めています（プロジェクト:人物伝／Portal:自然科学）。

[1] Holton, T.; Hudspeth, A. J. (1983). “In this study from 1983, quantitative measurements were made of the motion of individual hair bundles in an excised preparation of the cochlea stimulated at auditory frequencies. The angular displacement of hair bundles is frequency selective and tonotopically organized, demonstrating the existence of a micromechanical tuning mechanism.”. Science 222 (4623): 508–10. doi:10.1126/science.6623089. PMID 6623089.

[2] Rosenblatt, K. P.; Sun, Z. P.; Heller, S.; Hudspeth, A. J. (1997). “This landmark research has been featured in the textbook "Molecular Cell Biology" by JE Darnell”. Neuron 19 (5): 1061–75. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80397-9. PMID 9390519.

[3] Miranda-Rottmann, S.; Kozlov, A. S.; Hudspeth, A. J. (2010). “Revisiting how a molecular gradient of a potassium channel allows the chicken cochlea to sense progressively lower tones along its structure”. Molecular and Cellular Biology 30 (14): 3646–60. doi:10.1128/MCB.00073-10. PMC 2897565. PMID 20479127.

[4] Hudspeth, A. J. (November 1997). “In this review AJ Hudspeth explains the biophysics of the hearing in the light of his own vast contribution to the field.”. Neuron 19 (5): 947–950. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80385-2. PMID 9390507.

[5] López-Schier, H.; Starr, C. J.; Kappler, J. A.; Kollmar, R.; Hudspeth, A. J. (2004). “This research shows the embryonic development of the har cells necessary for the zebrafish directional movement in the water”. Developmental Cell 7 (3): 401–12. doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2004.07.018. PMID 15363414.

[6] Chan, D. K.; Hudspeth, A. J. (2005). “These results suggest that the Ca2+ current drives the cochlear active process, and they support the hypothesis that active hair-bundle motility underlies cochlear amplification.”. Nature Neuroscience 8 (2): 149–55. doi:10.1038/nn1385. PMC 2151387. PMID 15643426.

[7] Kozlov, A. S.; Risler, T.; Hudspeth, A. J. (2007). “Research showing the coordinated movement of the entire hair cell filament bundle”. Nature Neuroscience 10 (1): 87–92. doi:10.1038/nn1818. PMC 2174432. PMID 17173047.

[8] Hudspeth, A. J.; Versteegh, Corstiaen P. C.; Risler, Thomas; Baumgart, Johannes; Kozlov, Andrei S. (June 2011). “A combination of high-resolution experiments and detailed numerical modelling of fluid-structure interactions reveals the physical principles behind the basic structural features of hair bundles and shows quantitatively how these organelles are adapted to the needs of sensitive mechanotransduction.”. Nature 474 (7351): 376–379. doi:10.1038/nature10073. PMC 3150833. PMID 21602823.

[9] Fisher, J. A.; Nin, F.; Reichenbach, T.; Uthaiah, R. C.; Hudspeth, A. J. (2012). “The spatial pattern of cochlear amplification note: featured as a cover of this journal issue.”. Neuron 76 (5): 989–97. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2012.09.031. PMC 3721062. PMID 23217746.

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