^ abcdefvan der Elst, Rudy; Peter Borchert (1994). A Guide to the Common Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. New Holland Publishers. p. 142. ISBN1-86825-394-5
^Gushiken, S. (1986). “Phylogenetic Relationships of the Perciform Genera of the Family Carangidae”. Japanese Journal of Ichthyology34 (4): 443–461. ISSN0021-5090.
^ abcRandall, John E. (1995). Coastal Fishes of Oman. University of Hawaii Press. Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi Press. p. 183. ISBN0-8248-1808-3
^Pepperel, J. (2010). Fishes of the Open Ocean: A Natural History and Illustrated Guide. University Of Chicago Press. p. 272. ISBN978-0-226-65539-0
^ abcdeSmith-Vaniz, W. (1999). “Carangidae”. In Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (PDF). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific Vol 4. Bony fishes part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae). FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. Rome: FAO. pp. 2659–2757. ISBN92-5-104301-9. ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/009/y4160e/y4160e00.pdf2011年1月16日閲覧。
^ abcdeGunn, John S. (1990). “A revision of selected genera of the family Carangidae (Pisces) from Australian waters”. Records of the Australian Museum Supplement12: 1–78. doi:10.3853/j.0812-7387.12.1990.92.
^ abAllen, G.R.; D.R. Robertson (1994). Fishes of the Tropical Eastern Pacific. University of Hawaii Press. p. 332. ISBN0-8248-1675-7
^Hutchins, B.; Swainston, R. (1986). Sea Fishes of Southern Australia: Complete Field Guide for Anglers and Divers. Melbourne: Swainston Publishing. p. 187. ISBN1-86252-661-3
^Travers, M.J.; Potter, I.C., Clarke, K.R., Newman, S.J. & Hutchins, J.B. (2010). “The inshore fish faunas over soft substrates and reefs on the tropical west coast of Australia differ and change with latitude and bioregion”. Journal of Biogeography37 (1): 148–169. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2699.2009.02183.x.
^Blaber, S.J.M.; Cyrus, D.P. (1983). “The biology of Carangidae (Teleostei) in Natal estuaries”. Journal of Fish Biology22 (2): 173–188. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.1983.tb04738.x.
^ abGonzalez-Acosta, A.F.; De la Cruz-Aguero, G., De la Cruz-Aguero, J., Ruiz-Campos, G. (2001). “Unusual occurrence of Gnathanodon speciosus (Teleostei: Carangidae) in a mangrove swamp habitat of Baja California sur, Mexico”. Oceanides16 (2): 143–144. ISSN1560-8433.
^Goodson, G.; Weisgerber, P.J. (1988). Fishes of the Pacific Coast: Alaska to Peru, including the Gulf of California and the Galapagos Islands. Stanford University Press. pp. 267. ISBN978-0804713856
^ abHeemstra, P.C.; Heemstra, E. (2004). Coastal Fishes of Southern Africa. NISC Pty Ltd. pp. 488. ISBN9781920033019
^Yamagishi, H. (1981). “Studies of the conditioned reflex in a schooling fish the golden trevally Caranx speciosus and appearance of aggressive behaviour upon conditioning”. Zoological Magazine (Tokyo)90 (2): 182–188.
^Moravec, F.; Justine, J.L. (2007). “Redescription of Metabronema magnum (Nematoda : Cystidicolidae), a swimbladder parasite of the carangid fish Gnathanodon speciosus off New Caledonia”. Folia Parasitologica54 (4): 293–300. doi:10.14411/fp.2007.038. PMID18303771.
^Watson, W.; Leis, J.M. (1974). “Ichthyoplankton of Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii: A one-year study of the fish eggs and larvae”. University of Hawaii Sea Grant College Program Technical ReportsUNIHI-SEAGRANT-TR-75-01.
^ abcGrandcourt, E.M.; T.Z. Al Abdessalaam, F. Francis & A. Al Shamsi (2004). “Population biology and assessment of representatives of the family Carangidae Carangoides bajad and Gnathanodon speciosus (Forsskal, 1775), in the Southern Arabian Gulf”. Fisheries Research69 (3): 331–341. doi:10.1016/j.fishres.2004.06.008.
^Johannes, E.J. (1981). Words of the Lagoon: Fishing and Marine Lore in the Palau District of Micronesia. University of California Press. pp. 245. ISBN978-0520080874
^ abFeng, F.; L.C. Lo, G. Lin, Z.Y. Zhu & G.H. Yue (2005). “Isolation and characterization of microsatellites in a marine food fish species, golden trevally Gnathanodon specious”. Molecular Ecology Notes5 (4): 760–761. doi:10.1111/j.1471-8286.2005.01055.x.
^Lucas, J.S.; Southgate, P.C. (2012). Aquaculture: Farming Aquatic Animals and Plants. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 612. ISBN978-1405188586