Ferrovia Parigi-Lilla

Parigi–Lilla
Stati attraversatiFrancia (bandiera) Francia
Attivazione1846
GestoreSNCF
Precedenti gestoriCompagnie du Chémin de fer du Nord (1846-1938)
SNCF (1938-1997)
RFF (1997-2014)
Lunghezza251 km
Scartamento1435 mm
Elettrificazione25.000 V, CA monofase
Ferrovie

La ferrovia Parigi–Lilla è un'importante linea ferroviaria della Francia che collega Parigi alle città del nord del paese e a Lilla. È lunga 251 km e, con le sue diramazioni, permette di raggiungere il Belgio e la Gran Bretagna. È elettrificata a corrente alternata monofase a 25 kV, 50 Hz[1].

Storia

Un progetto governativo di collegamento tra Francia e Belgio e con l'Inghilterra prese forma già nel 1833[2]. Alla fine del 1842 Lilla e Valenciennes furono connesse via ferrovia al Belgio e nell'estate del 1844 venne approvata una legge che promuoveva la costruzione della linea da Parigi a Lilla e delle sue diramazioni e ne affidava la concessione alla Compagnie du Chémin de fer du Nord i cui soci erano Hottinger, Laffitte, Blount e James Mayer de Rothschild il presidente. La nuova linea e la stazione parigina Nord vennero inaugurate il 20 giugno del 1846.[2]

Il percorso originale della linea passava per la valle dell'Oise, Saint-Ouen-l'Aumône e Persan. Il tracciato era piuttosto difficile con saliscendi frequenti tra Saint-Denis e Creil per cui venne presto sostituito da una variante di 19 km passante per Chantilly inaugurata il 10 maggio 1859[3]. La linea, una delle più importanti della rete francese ha vista decrescere la sua importanza in seguito all'apertura della linea ad alta velocità LGV Nord nel 1993 perdendo parte del suo traffico passeggeri a lunga distanza rimanendo comunque un'importante direttrice di traffico merci e regionale.

Percorso

La linea inizia alla stazione Nord di Parigi puntando verso nord per 6 km fino a Saint-Denis e poi a nord-est con ascesa costante del 5  per mille. Nei pressi di Marly-la-Ville riprende la direzione nord e poi quella nord-ovest discendendo verso il fiume Oise. A Creil attraversa il fiume. Da tale stazione si dirama la linea per San Quintino e Bruxelles. La linea lascia la valle dell'Oise continuando verso nord e il fiume Somme a Longueau dove si dirama la Longueau–Boulogne per Amiens e Boulogne-sur-Mer verso ovest e quella per Laon ad est. La linea prosegue verso Lilla in direzione nord-est seguendo la valle del Somme fino a Corbie, e poi quella dell'Ancre fino a Miraumont dove riprende la direzione nord fino ad Arras. Da Arras segue il percorso del fiume Scarpe verso est e Douai dove cambia direzione puntando a nord-ovest. Passata Ostricourt dirige ancora a nord giungendo a Lilla dopo aver percorso 251 km ed entra nella stazione terminale di Lilla Fiandre.

Unknown route-map component "tCONTg"
per Châtelet-Les Halles RER B RER D
Unknown route-map component "tBHF-L" Unknown route-map component "vKBHFa-R"
Gare de Paris Nord
Unknown route-map component "tSTR" Unknown route-map component "vÜST"
Unknown route-map component "tSTRe" Unknown route-map component "evBHF"
Pont-Marcadet
Unknown route-map component "ABZg+l" Unknown route-map component "vABZgr-STR" Non-passenger head station
scali merci La Chapelle
Straight track Unknown route-map component "vSTR-ABZgl" Unknown route-map component "ABZg+r"
Unknown route-map component "CONTgq" Unknown route-map component "xABZq+r" Unknown route-map component "eKRZoxr" Unknown route-map component "evKRZo" Unknown route-map component "eKRZo" Unknown route-map component "exCONTfq"
Linea della piccola cintura
Straight track Unknown route-map component "eBHF" Unknown route-map component "evBHF" Straight track
Paris-La-Chapelle
One way leftward Unknown route-map component "KRZu" Unknown route-map component "vABZg+r-STR" Straight track
Straight track Unknown route-map component "vÜWBr" Non-passenger station/depot on track
scalo merci Landy-Sud
Straight track Unknown route-map component "evBHF" Straight track
La Plaine-Tramways
Unknown route-map component "CONTgq" Unknown route-map component "ABZgr" Unknown route-map component "vSTR" Straight track
per Aulnay-sous-Bois (RER B)
One way leftward Unknown route-map component "vKRZo" Unknown route-map component "KRZo" Unknown route-map component "CONTfq"
per Saint-Ouen
Unknown route-map component "vSTR" Non-passenger station/depot on track
scalo merci Landy-Nord
Unknown route-map component "vBHF-STR" Unknown route-map component "ENDEe"
Stade de France - Saint-Denis
Unknown route-map component "vSKRZ-Au"
Autostrada A86
Unknown route-map component "vBHF"
Saint-Denis
Unknown route-map component "vWBRÜCKE1"
viadotto sul canale Saint-Denis (469 m)
Unknown route-map component "vSHI1l-STRl" Unknown route-map component "CONTfq"
per Ermont-Eaubonne
Small bridge over water
ponte sul Croult
Non-passenger station/depot on track
scalo merci di Joncherolles
Unknown route-map component "CONTgq" Unknown route-map component "ABZq+r" Unknown route-map component "KRZu" Unknown route-map component "CONTfq"
Linea della Grande Cintura
Straight track Station on track
Pierrefitte - Stains
One way leftward Unknown route-map component "ABZg+r"
Station on track
Garges - Sarcelles
Station on track
Villiers-le-Bel - Gonesse
Straight track
da Gonesse
Unknown route-map component "CONTgq" Unknown route-map component "ABZgr"
LGV Nord per Lilla
Station on track
Goussainville
Station on track
Les Noues
Station on track
Louvres
Station on track
Survilliers - Fosses
Unknown route-map component "FOWl"
Station on track
La Borne Blanche
Station on track
Orry-la-Ville - Coye
Unknown route-map component "eABZgl" Unknown route-map component "exSTR+r"
Unknown route-map component "hKRZWae" Unknown route-map component "exhKRZWae"
Viadotto di Commelles (398 m)
Unknown route-map component "eABZg+l" Unknown route-map component "exSTRr"
Station on track
Chantilly - Gouvieux
Unknown route-map component "hKRZWae"
Viadotto della Canardière (457 m)
Unknown route-map component "exCONTgq" Unknown route-map component "eABZgr"
per Crépy-en-Valois
Unknown route-map component "hKRZWae"
ponte di Laversine (98 m)
Unknown route-map component "ABZg+l" Unknown route-map component "CONTfq"
da Pierrelaye
Unknown route-map component "ABZg+l" Unknown route-map component "CONTfq"
da Beauvais
Station on track
Creil
Unknown route-map component "CONTgq" Unknown route-map component "ABZgr"
per Compiègne
Station on track
Laigneville
Station on track
Liancourt Rantigny
Unknown route-map component "CONTgq" Unknown route-map component "SPLag+r"
da Compiègne
Unknown route-map component "vBHF"
Clermont
Unknown route-map component "evÜSTl"
Unknown route-map component "evSTRl-SHI1ro" Unknown route-map component "exCONTfq"
per Beauvais
Stop on track
Avrechy
Stop on track
Saint-Remy-en-l'Eau
Straight track Unknown route-map component "exCONTg"
da La Rue-Saint-Pierre
Station on track Unknown route-map component "exDST" Unknown route-map component "uexKBHFa"
Saint-Just-en-Chaussée
Unknown route-map component "eABZg+l" Unknown route-map component "exSTRr" Unused urban continuation forward
per Froissy
Unknown route-map component "exCONTgq" Unknown route-map component "eABZgr"
per Montdidier
Station on track
Gannes
Unknown route-map component "eHST"
Chepoix
Unknown route-map component "SPLa"
Unknown route-map component "vBHF-eBHF"
Breteuil
Unknown route-map component "vSHI1l-STRl" Unknown route-map component "STR+r"
Straight track Unknown route-map component "eHST"
Tartigny
Straight track Non-passenger end station
Breteuil-Ville
Station on track
La Faloise
Station on track
Ailly-sur-Noye
Station on track
Dommartin - Remiencourt
Small bridge over water
ponte sull'Avre
Unknown route-map component "CONTgq" Unknown route-map component "vSTR+r-SHI1+r"
da Montdidier
Unknown route-map component "vBHF"
Boves
Unknown route-map component "vÜST"
Unknown route-map component "vBHF"
Longueau
Unknown route-map component "SPLegl" Unknown route-map component "STR+r"
Unknown route-map component "STR+l" Unknown route-map component "KRZu" Unknown route-map component "ABZql+l" Unknown route-map component "CONTfq"
per Amiens
Unknown route-map component "KRWgl" Unknown route-map component "KRWg+lr" Unknown route-map component "KRWgr"
Unknown route-map component "ABZg+l" Unknown route-map component "KRZu" One way rightward
Continuation forward Straight track
per Tergnier
Stop on track
Lamotte-Brebière
Stop on track
Daours
Station on track
Corbie
Stop on track
Heilly
Station on track
Méricourt Ribemont
Station on track
Buire-sur-l'Ancre
Station on track + Unknown route-map component "HUBaq"
Unknown route-map component "uexKBHFa" + Unknown route-map component "HUBeq"
Albert
Unknown route-map component "uexCONTgq" Unknown route-map component "emKRZu" Unknown route-map component "uexABZgr"
per Péronne
Straight track Unused urban continuation forward
per Doullens
Unknown route-map component "eBHF"
Beaumont-Hamel
Station on track
Miraumont
Unknown route-map component "exCONTgq" Unknown route-map component "evSTR+r-SHI1+r"
da Bapaume
Unknown route-map component "vexBHF-BHF"
Achiet
Unknown route-map component "eSPLe"
Stop on track
Courcelles-le-Comte
Unknown route-map component "eSPLa"
Unknown route-map component "vexBHF-BHF"
Boisleux
Unknown route-map component "exCONTgq" Unknown route-map component "evSTRr-SHI1r"
per Marquion
Unknown route-map component "CONTgq" Unknown route-map component "ABZg+r"
LGV Nord per Gare de Paris Nord
Unknown route-map component "SPLag+xl" Unknown route-map component "exCONTfq"
da Doullens
Unknown route-map component "vABZg+l-ABZg+l" Unknown route-map component "CONTfq"
da Saint-Pol-sur-Ternoise
Unknown route-map component "vBHF"
Arras
Unknown route-map component "SPLegl" Unknown route-map component "CONTfq"
per Lens
Unknown route-map component "kABZg2"
Unknown route-map component "CONTgq" Unknown route-map component "KRZo+k1" Unknown route-map component "kABZq+4" Unknown route-map component "CONTfq"
LGV Nord
Unknown route-map component "SKRZ-Ao"
Autostrada A1
Station on track
Rœux
Unknown route-map component "SKRZ-Au"
Autostrada A26
Station on track
Biache-Saint-Vaast
Station on track
Vitry-en-Artois
Unknown route-map component "eABZgl" Unknown route-map component "exSTR+r"
Station on track Unknown route-map component "exSTR"
Brebières-Sud
Unknown route-map component "ABZg+l" Unknown route-map component "eABZql" Unknown route-map component "CONTfq"
da Lens
Station on track
Corbehem
Straight track Continuation backward
da Cambrai
Unknown route-map component "CONTgq" Unknown route-map component "ABZg+r" Straight track
da Somain
Unknown route-map component "ABZgl" Unknown route-map component "ABZgr"
One way leftward Unknown route-map component "vSTR+r-SHI1+r"
Unknown route-map component "vBHF"
Douai
Unknown route-map component "SPLe"
Unknown route-map component "eSPLa"
Unknown route-map component "vexBHF-BHF"
Pont-de-la-Deûle
Unknown route-map component "exCONTgq" Unknown route-map component "vexABZgr-STR"
per Orchies
Unknown route-map component "exCONTgq" Unknown route-map component "evSTRr-SHI1r"
per Pont-à-Marcq
Unknown route-map component "SKRZ-Au"
Autostrada A21
Station on track
Leforest
Stop on track
Ostricourt
Junction both to and from left Unknown route-map component "CONTfq"
da Lens
Unknown route-map component "ABZgl" Unknown route-map component "KBSTeq"
Station on track
Libercourt
Unknown route-map component "SKRZ-Au"
Autostrada A1
Station on track
Phalempin
Unknown route-map component "CONTgq" Unknown route-map component "KRZu" Unknown route-map component "CONTfq"
LGV Nord da Gare de Paris Nord
Junction both to and from left Unknown route-map component "CONTfq"
da Don-Sainghin
Station on track
Seclin
Unknown route-map component "CONTgq" Unknown route-map component "ABZgr"
per Templeuve
Station on track
Wattignies - Templemars
Station on track
Ronchin
Continuation backward Straight track
da Hirson
Unknown route-map component "CONTgq" Unknown route-map component "KRZul+r" Unknown route-map component "KRZu" Unknown route-map component "STR+r"
Straight track Unknown route-map component "vSHI1+l-STR+l" Unknown route-map component "ABZg+r"
Straight track Unknown route-map component "vÜSTl" Continuation forward
per Abbeville
One way leftward Unknown route-map component "vABZg+r-STR"
da Fives-Sud
Unknown route-map component "vINT"
Fives
Unknown route-map component "vÜSTr"
Unknown route-map component "vSTR-eABZgl" Unknown route-map component "exKBSTeq"
Lilla-Saint-Sauveur
Continuation backward Unknown route-map component "vSTR"
LGV Nord
Unknown route-map component "ABZg+l" Unknown route-map component "ABZq+l" Unknown route-map component "vSTRr-SHI1r" Unknown route-map component "vKBHFa"
Lilla Fiandre
Straight track Straight track Straight track Unknown route-map component "vÜST"
Unknown route-map component "ABZgl" Unknown route-map component "ABZql" Unknown route-map component "KRZo" Unknown route-map component "vSTRr-STR"
Unknown route-map component "tSTRa" Unknown route-map component "SPLag+l" Unknown route-map component "v-STRr"
Unknown route-map component "tBHF" Unknown route-map component "vÜST"
Lilla Europa
Unknown route-map component "tSTR" Unknown route-map component "vCONTf"
per Calais e Tourcoing
Unknown route-map component "tCONTf"
LGV Nord per Stazione di Calais Frethun

Stazioni principali

La ferrovia Parigi–Lilla svolge servizi passeggeri delle seguenti categorie:

  • TGV, Thalys, Eurostar tra Parigi e Villiers-le-Bel–Gonesse, e su brevi tratte tra Arras e Lilla
  • InterCity da Parigi a Boulogne sulla tratta fra Parigi e Longueau, e tra Parigi, Cambrai e Maubeuge sulla tratta Parigi–Creil
  • TER Picardie e TER Nord-Pas-de-Calais regionali
  • Transilien regionali sulla tratta Parigi–Saint-Denis
  • RER D rapid transit di Parigi sulla tratta Parigi–Creil

Note

  1. ^ Mappa della rete elettrificata di RFF (PDF), su rff.fr. URL consultato l'8 gennaio 2022 (archiviato dall'url originale il 16 maggio 2016).
  2. ^ a b (FR) Adolphe Joanne, Atlas historique et statistique des chemins de fer français, Paris, L. Hachette, 1859, pp. 21–22.
  3. ^ (FR) C. Wolters, Histoire financière des chemins de fer français et étrangers, Paris, Napoléon Chaix, 1860, pp. 58.

Voci correlate

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

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