↑(en) Union Historical Company, The History of Polk County, Iowa : Containing a History of the County, Its Cities, Towns, &c., Biographical Sketches of Its Citizens, War Record of Its Volunteers in the Late Rebellion, General and Local Statistics, Portraits of Early Settlers and Prominent Men, History of the Northwest, History of Iowa, Map of Polk County, Constitution of Iowa, Miscellaneous Matters, , 1937 p., p. 638.
↑(en) Chicago and North Western Railway Company, A History of the Origin of the Place Names Connected with the Chicago & North Western and Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha Railways, , 201 p., p. 61.