Zaliznyi Port

Zaliznyi Port
Залізний Порт
Железный Порт
Village
Coat of arms of Zaliznyi Port
Coat of arms
Zaliznyi Port is located in Kherson Oblast
Zaliznyi Port
Zaliznyi Port
Location of Zaliznyi Port
Zaliznyi Port is located in Ukraine
Zaliznyi Port
Zaliznyi Port
Zaliznyi Port (Ukraine)
Coordinates: 46°07′30″N 32°17′27″E / 46.12500°N 32.29083°E / 46.12500; 32.29083
Country Ukraine
Oblast Kherson Oblast
RaionSkadovsk Raion
HromadaBekhtery rural hromada [uk]
SilradaNovofedorivka village council [uk]
First settled1922
ControlOccupied by  Russia
Area
 • Total
2,170 km2 (840 sq mi)
Population
 (2001)
 • Total
Decrease 1,495
Postal code
75653
Area code+380-5539
Websitezhelezny-port.ucoz.ua

Zaliznyi Port (Ukrainian: Залізний Порт, lit. 'Iron Port'; Russian: Зализный Порт), also known as Zhelezny Port (Russian: Железный Порт), is a resort village (selo) along the Black Sea coast, located in the Bekhtery rural hromada [uk] of Skadovsk Raion of Kherson oblast in Ukraine.[1][2] It is situated near the outskirts of the Black Sea Biosphere Reserve, being located ~45 km from Skadovsk and ~60 km from Kherson cities.

Administrative status

Upon Ukrainian Independence, Zaliznyi Port was administratively subordinated to the Novofedorivka Village Council [uk] of Bekhtery rural hromada of Hola Prystan Raion of Kherson Oblast.[3] In December 1997, it was officially designated a resort village by the Ukrainian Verkhovna Rada.[4] Since the abolition of Hola Prystan raion in the 2020 Administrative reform, it has been part of Skadovsk Raion of Kherson oblast, while maintaining the same lower-order territorial subdivisions of prior.[5]

The Russian occupation of Kherson has reverted the 2020 reform in the territories under its control, administering Zaliznyi Port as part of Hola Prystan Raion.[6]

History

Origin

Baron von Falz-Fein

There are two main theories among historians as to the origin of the name "Zaliznyi Port", which translates to "Iron Port".[7] The first, official version, claims that there was originally a pier connected to an Iron bridge in the village, extending over 100 meters into the sea, and at which ships loaded and unloaded, which became known as the Iron Port. Eventually, the bridge collapsed, but the name remained and was applied to the whole village. The second version claims that the name "Iron Port" began as a name sailors out at sea used as a guiding point, due to being guided by the light reflection of an iron roof on a barn there.[8]

Although the village has its origins in the late 19th century under the Russian Empire, when Baron von Falz-Fein [uk] helped create a settlement there, it was formally founded under the Soviet Union in 1922 when it was given its name.[3][9] According to official sources, in the early 1920s peasants from the city of Hladkivka, then known as Kelehei (Ukrainian: Келегеї), settled Zaliznyi Port and engaged in agricultural work, whose products were exported using ships loaded on the Black Sea coast.[10] By the 1940s, there was still only one street in the village, running across the seashore.[7]

Following the Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation, Zaliznyi Port developed as a popular tourist attraction for Ukrainians, due to bans on travel to the occupied Crimean peninsula.[11]

Russo-Ukrainian war

See also: Russo-Ukrainian War, 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, and Southern Ukraine campaign

Subsequent to the start of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, during the Southern Ukraine campaign, the village was entirely occupied by Russian forces. This led to a collapse of the village's tourism industry, causing some locals to protest the invasion.[12] The protestors chanted the phrase "Zaliznyi Port is Ukraine" (Ukrainian: Залізний Порт – це Україна), alongside singing the Ukrainian anthem and waving the Ukrainian flag.[13][14]

On 4 April 2022, head of the Bekhtery rural hromada, Mykhailo Burak, was allegedly kidnapped by Russian forces while in Zaliznyi Port, according to Ukrainian sources.[15]

Ukrainian MP and Russian-collaborationist politician Aleksey Kovalyov, the former deputy head of Russian-occupied Kherson oblast, was assassinated in Zaliznyi Port on 28 August 2022.[16][17]

On 15 September 2022, some news outlets claimed that Ukrainian forces attempted simultaneous naval landings on the Kinburn Split, Lazurne, and Zaliznyi Port. Both Kirill Stremousov, head of the Russian Kherson military-civilian administration, and Serhii Bratchuk, head of the Ukrainian Odesa Regional Military Administration, denied all reports of fighting in Zaliznyi Port.[18][19]

The National Resistance Center of the Ukrainian Ministry of Defense claimed on October 12, 2022 that an unspecified amount of Iranian military instructors were present in the settlements of Zaliznyi Port, Hladkivka, and Dzhankoi to train and monitor Russian forces in the use of Shahed-136 suicide drones.[20][21] The Institute for the Study of War assessed that the instructors were likely a part of, or affiliated with, the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps.[22]

On 10 February 2023, it was reported by the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Ukraine that the occupational authorities had begun issuing Russian passports to the local population of Zaliznyi Port.[23]

Demographics

Population

According to the 1989 USSR census, the population of the village consisted of 1,506 people, 756 of which were men and 750 women.[24]

According to the 2001 Ukrainian census, the village had a population of 1,495.[25]

Language

Distribution of the population by native language according to the 2001 Ukrainian census:[26]

Languages in Zaliznyi Port
Languages percent
Ukrainian
 
 79.06%
Russian
 
 19.57%
Armenian
 
 0.72%
Moldovan
 
 0.39%
Bulgarian
 
 0.07%
  • An entrance to the Black Sea Biosphere Reserve from Zaliznyi Port
    An entrance to the Black Sea Biosphere Reserve from Zaliznyi Port
  • A bus stop in Zaliznyi Port
    A bus stop in Zaliznyi Port
  • A street in Zaliznyi Port with cars parked along it
    A street in Zaliznyi Port with cars parked along it
  • A coastline view in Zaliznyi Port
    A coastline view in Zaliznyi Port
  • Zaliznyi Port castle
    Zaliznyi Port castle

See also

Novofedorivka (Skadovsk Raion) [uk]

References

  1. ^ "Zaliznyi Port, Khersons'ka Oblast', Ukraine". Mindat.org. Retrieved 2022-09-02.
  2. ^ "Zheleznyy Port, Khersons'ka Oblast', Ukraine". Mindat.org. Retrieved 2022-09-02.
  3. ^ a b "Облікова картка" [Accounting form]. Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (in Ukrainian). Archived from the original on 7 July 2009. Retrieved 7 October 2013.
  4. ^ "Про внесення змін до переліку населених пунктів, віднесених до курортних" [Regarding making changes to the transfer of settlements, changes to resorts]. Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (in Ukrainian). 15 December 1997. Retrieved 2022-10-07.
  5. ^ "Про утворення та ліквідацію районів" [Regarding the formation and liquidation of districts]. Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (in Ukrainian). 17 July 2020. Retrieved 2022-10-07.
  6. ^ "Херсонская область вернулась к дореформенному делению на 18 районов" [Kherson region returned to the pre-reform divisions with 18 districts]. Interfax (in Russian). 5 August 2022. Retrieved 2022-10-03.
  7. ^ a b "Історія селища Залізний Порт" [History of Zaliznyi Port village]. ukrmap.org.ua (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 2022-10-07.
  8. ^ "О названии" [About the name]. zport.com.ua (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2014-07-14. Retrieved 2022-09-03.
  9. ^ "Залізний порт і його історія" [Zaliznyi Port and its history]. Dolce-Vita (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 2022-09-03.
  10. ^ "ЖЕЛЕЗНЫЙ ПОРТ: отдых, цены на жилье 2022, обзор курорта" [Zheleznyy Port: holidays, housing prices 2022, resort overview]. zhelezniy.com (in Russian). Retrieved 2022-09-03.
  11. ^ Yakutenko, Anna (2016-07-14). "Zaliznyi Port offers nostalgic beach vacation at low prices". Kyiv Post. Retrieved 2022-09-03.
  12. ^ "Залізний порт: що коїться на окупованому курорті" [Zaliznyi port: what is happening at the occupied resort]. Dzerkalo Tyzhnia (in Ukrainian). 15 July 2022. Retrieved 2022-10-07.
  13. ^ "Двадцятий день вторгнення РФ: ситуація на Херсонщині" [The twentieth day of the Russian invasion: the situation in Khersonshchyna]. suspilne.media. 15 March 2022. Retrieved 3 October 2022.
  14. ^ ""Ніякий "руський мір" не пройде! Залізний Порт - це Україна!", - жителі курортного села на Херсонщині вийшли на акцію" ["No "Russian World" will pass! Zaliznyi Port is Ukraine!", - residents of a resort village in the Kherson region took part in a protest]. Новости Херсонщины (in Russian). 2022-03-15. Retrieved 2022-10-06.
  15. ^ "Russians abduct head of the Bekhterska community in the Kherson region". Ukrainska Pravda. Retrieved 2022-09-02.
  16. ^ Beecher, Jay (2022-08-29). "Ukrainian Deputy Head of Kherson Murdered at Home". Kyiv Post. Retrieved 2022-09-02.
  17. ^ "Was stabbed to death at home: the details of the death of the people's deputy collaborator Kovalev became known". odessa-journal.com. 2022-08-29. Retrieved 2022-08-29.
  18. ^ ""Висадка українського десанту": як окупанти залякують місцевих в Лазурному та Залізному Порту" ["Landing of the Ukrainian naval force": How the invaders intimidate the locals in Lazurne and Zaliznyi Port]. Телеграф (in Ukrainian). 2022-09-16. Retrieved 2022-09-28.
  19. ^ "В Херсонской области не подтвердили высадку украинского десанта в районе Железного Порта" [In Kherson Oblast, the landing of Ukrainian paratroopers in the area of Zaliznyi Port can not be confirmed]. TASS. 15 September 2015. Retrieved 2022-09-28.
  20. ^ "Russians brought Iranian instructors to the temporarily occupied territory of Ukraine". National Resistance Center of Ukraine. 12 October 2022. Archived from the original on 14 October 2022. Retrieved 16 October 2022.
  21. ^ Mazurenko, Alona (12 October 2022). "Russians bring Iranian instructors to Zaliznyi Port to launch Shahed drones". Ukrainska Pravda. Retrieved 2022-10-17.
  22. ^ Mappes, Grace; Hird, Kateryna; Kagan, Frederick W.; Barros, George; Bailey, Riley. "Russian offensive campaign assessment, October 12" (PDF). Institute for the Study of War. Retrieved 2022-10-16.
  23. ^ "Ukrainian forces launch 14 air strikes on enemy positions on Feb 10". National News Agency of Ukraine. 10 February 2023. Retrieved 2023-04-23.
  24. ^ "Кількість наявного та постійного населення по кожному сільському населеному пункту, Херсонська область (осіб) - 065 ГОЛОПРИСТАНСЬКИЙ РАЙОН, Рік, Категорія населення , Стать" [Number of available and permanent population for each rural settlement, Kherson region (persons) - 065 HOLOPRYSTAN DISTRICT, Year, Population category, Gender]. State Statistics Service of Ukraine (in Ukrainian). Archived from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 2022-10-07.
  25. ^ "Кількість наявного населення по кожному сільському населеному пункту, Херсонська область (осіб) - 065_ГОЛОПРИСТАНСЬКИЙ РАЙОН , Рік" [Number of available population for each rural settlement, Kherson region (persons) - 065_HOLOPRYSTAN DISTRICT, Year]. State Statistics Service of Ukraine (in Ukrainian). Archived from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  26. ^ "Розподіл населення за рідною мовою, Херсонська область (у % до загальної чисельності населення) - 065 ГОЛОПРИСТАНСЬКИЙ РАЙОН, Рік , Вказали у якості рідної мову" [Distribution of the population by native language, Kherson region (in % of the total population) - 065 HOLOPRYSTAN DISTRICT, Year , Indicated as native language]. State Statistics Service of Ukraine (in Ukrainian). Archived from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 23 July 2019.
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