Wu Xinghan started his football career when he joined Shandong Luneng's youth academy in 2005. He played for third-tier side Shandong Youth in 2011, scoring eight goals in 13 appearances that season. With his first goal for the club scored on 21 May 2011 in a 2-0 win against Hebei Zhongji.[2] Wu was promoted to Shandong Luneng's first team (now renamed Shandong Taishan) by then manager Henk ten Cate in the 2012 season. He made his debut for the club on 24 March 2012 in a 3-3 draw against Dalian Aerbin, coming on as a substitute for Liu Binbin.[3]
Wu would cement his place as a regular in the team's midfield during the 2012 season and even after the departure of Henk ten Cate, he continued to be a regular squad player that would aid the club by winning the 2014 Chinese FA Cup with them.[4] A consistent regular within the team, he would gain his second Chinese FA Cup by winning the 2020 Chinese FA Cup against Jiangsu Suning F.C. in a 2-0 victory.[5] This would be followed by his first league title with the club when he was part of the team that won the 2021 Chinese Super League title.[6] Another Chinese FA Cup would be followed up by him winning the 2022 Chinese FA Cup with them.[7]