The name "Wiremu Neera"[2] is the Maori phonetic rendering of the English name "William Naylor", which Te Awaitaia (his original name)[3] took for himself to mark his conversion to Christianity in 1836. The monument that stands in Raglan, erected in his honor (on the western side of the harbour by the camping ground), spells his name as "Wiremu Nero Te Awaitaia" – other renderings of Naylor are Near, and Naera.[4]
Early years and intertribal conflict
Ngāti Māhanga, the tribe into which Te Awaitaia was born, was influential in the Waipa Valley and Waitetuna areas near Raglan. At some point early in Te Awaitaia's lifetime, his tribe is thought to have driven the Ngati Koata from their lands near Whai-ngaroa (Raglan) Harbour. After this, the N Mahanga tribe became a member of the Waikato confederacy,[5] which had been formed in response to the increasing influence and aggression of Ngāti Toa of Kawhia,[6] which was led by the famous Chief of notorious and violent reputation, Te Rauparaha. Te Rauparaha was driven south away from his lands by the Waikato Confederacy and subsequently took control of much of the lower North Island of New Zealand and also carried out various other infamous invasions.
Te Awaitaia took a decisive part in the battle that drove Te Rauparaha south from Kawhia, heroically defeating one of the opposition leaders with an axe (teahatehwa), and obtaining much mana from the battle. He then led a party of 370 warriors that subsequently harried Rauparaha on his flight southwards. Te Awaitaia was also involved in the Battle of Motunui, which was a famous defeat of the Waikato Tribes.[7] He was famous for his skillful use of his taiaha (see image)[8] and was a Chief of great influence in the Waikato by the time of the arrival of the first (Methodist) missionaries in the mid-1830s.
References
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"Auckland Art Gallery" (homepage), web:
AAG-coll.
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The paramount Chief of this confederacy was Te Wherowhero,
who later become leader of the Kīngitanga movement, a
movement that was opposed by Te Awaitaia.
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The aggression of Ngāti Toa and other tribes was based
near Kawhia (to the south of Raglan).
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During the Battle of Motunui, some 80 Waikato chiefs
are said to have been killed. See: Penguin North IslandTravel Guide, D and J Pope.
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A taiaha is a long weapon of hard wood, with one end
carved and often decorated with dogs' hair.