William Bourchier, 1st Count of Eu

Canting arms of Bourchier: Argent, a cross engrailed gules between four water bougets sable

William Bourchier, 1st Count of Eu (2 March 1375 – 28 May 1420), was an English knight created by King Henry V 1st Count of Eu, in Normandy.

Origins

Arms of Louvain of Little Easton: Gules billety or a fess of the last

He was born 2 March 1375, the son of Sir William Bourchier (d. 1375; the younger son of Robert Bourchier, 1st Baron Bourchier (d. 1349), of Halstead, Essex, Lord Chancellor) by his wife Eleanor de Louvain (27 March 1345 – 5 October 1397), daughter and heiress of Sir John de Louvain (d. 1347)[1] (alias Lovayne etc.), feudal baron[2] of Little Easton in Essex. The arms of Louvain were: Gules billety or a fess of the last, often shown with varying number of billets and on occasion with a fess argent, for example in stained glass at Hengrave Hall, Suffolk: Gules, a fess argent, between fourteen billets or.[3]

Eleanor was descended from Godfrey de Louvain (d. 1226), feudal baron of Little Easton,[4] son of Godfrey III, Count of Louvain (1142–1190), by his 2nd marriage, and half-brother of Henry I, Duke of Brabant (1165–1235).[5] His inheritance from his mother's Louvain lands included the Suffolk manors of Bildeston, Hopton, Shelland and "Lovaynes" in Drinkstone, and (in Essex), Little Easton, Broxted and Aythorpe Roding.[6]

Career

He fought at the Battle of Agincourt in 1415. In 1417 he was in the retinue of King Henry V during his second expedition to France, and played a significant role in the capture of Normandy. In 1419, he was appointed Captain of Dieppe and was granted powers to receive the submission of the town and Comté of Eu. The French count of Eu had refused to pay homage to the conquering English king and thus had been held prisoner in England since Agincourt.

In June 1419, King Henry V awarded six captured French comtés to certain of his more significant English supporters, and the Comté of Eu was granted to William Bourchier, thus making him 1st Count of Eu.[7]

Marriage and children

Arms of William Bourchier, 1st Count of Eu (1374–1420) (Quarterly Bourchier and Lovain, feudal barons of Little Easton, Essex) impaling arms of his father-in-law Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester (1355–1397), youngest son of King Edward III (Royal Arms of England, a label of three points argent for difference). Stained glass, west window, Tawstock Church, Devon. The Count's son William Bourchier, 9th Baron FitzWarin (1407–1470) was the first to be connected with the manor of Tawstock, having married the heiress of that manor

He married Anne of Gloucester, Countess of Stafford, daughter of the Plantagenet prince Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester (1355–1397), youngest son of King Edward III by his wife Eleanor de Bohun, elder daughter and coheiress of Humphrey de Bohun, 7th Earl of Hereford (1341–1373), Earl of Essex and Northampton. The Wrey baronets, who were the heirs of the Bourchier Earls of Bath, quartered the arms of Wrey with the arms of Bourchier and Bohun, and the Royal Arms of England. They had the following children:[8]

• Henry Bourchier, 1st Earl of Essex (1404 – 4 April 1483), eldest son.
• William Bourchier, (25 October 1415 – 1474), jure uxoris 9th Baron FitzWarin, 2nd son.
• John Bourchier, 1st Baron Berners, (c. 1416 – 16 May 1474), 3rd son.
• Thomas Bourchier, (c. 1418 – 30 March 1486), Archbishop of Canterbury and a cardinal, 4th son.
• Eleanor Bourchier, (c. 1417 – November, 1474), wife of John de Mowbray, 3rd Duke of Norfolk.

Death and burial

He died at Troyes, France on 28 May 1420 [9] and was buried at Llanthony Secunda Priory, Gloucester.[10]

Ancestry

Ancestors of William Bourchier, 1st Count of Eu

8. John de Bourchier 4. Robert Bourchier, 1st Baron Bourchier 18. Walter of Colchester 9. Helen Colchester 19. Joan/Helen de Mountchensy 2. Sir William Bourchier 20. Richard de Praers 10. Thomas Prayers 21. Johanna Crewe 5. Margaret Prayers 22. Hugh of Essex 11. Margaret de Essex 23. ?? 1. William Bourchier, 1st Count of Eu 24. Matthew II de Lovaine 12. Thomas de Louvaine 25. Maud Louvain Poyntz 6. Sir John de Louvaine 26. Robert De Basing 13. Joan de Basing 27. Margery de Basing 3. Alianore de Lovayne 14. Sir Thomas Weston 7. Margaret Weston 15. ??

Sources

• Woodger, L.S., biography of Sir William Bourchier, published in The History of Parliament: House of Commons 1386-1421, ed. J.S. Roskell, L. Clark, C. Rawcliffe, 1993

External links

• Bourchier Family

References

1. "BOURGCHIER, Sir William (C.1374-1420), of Little Easton, Essex. | History of Parliament Online".
2. Sanders, I.J. English Baronies: A Study of their Origin and Descent 1086-1327, Oxford, 1960, p. 130, Little Easton, showing the descent from Godfrey de Louvain (d. 1226), half-brother to the Duke of Brabant, (Sanders, p. 43) to Thomas de Louvain (d. 1345).
3. As shown quartered by Bourchier in stained glass at Hengrave Hall, Suffolk. (The History and Antiquities of Hengrave, in Suffolk, by John Gage [1]
4. Sanders, p. 130
5. Sanders, p. 43
6. Woodger
7. Woodger
8. Order per: Vivian, Lt. Col. J. L., (Ed.) The Visitations of the County of Devon: Comprising the Heralds' Visitations of 1531, 1564 & 1620. Exeter, 1895, p.106, pedigree of Bourchier
9. Woodger
10. Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study In Colonial And Medieval Families, 2nd Edition, p.355 [2] The de Bohun family were patrons of Llanthony Secunda Priory, near Gloucester Castle, founded by their ancestor Miles of Gloucester in 1136 as a secondary house to Llanthony Priory in Monmouthshire.