Since February 7, 2008 he has been a member of the Liberal Party; in 2010 he was elected as the party's vice-president. On December 11, 2018 he resigned from Liberal Party.
In the 19th legislature of the parliament (2010-2014) he was the MP with most parliamentary initiatives — 113 draft normative acts submitted,[10] like declaring Western Christmas Day Official Holiday[11] or draft law proposing Moldova's exit from CIS.[12] During the same period, he had the most speeches and addresses.
On 30 July 2015 he was appointed to the position of the Minister of Environment of the Republic of Moldova in the Streleţ Cabinet[13] and was subsequently reconfirmed in the same position in the Filip Cabinet. On May 29, 2017, he resigned, following the decision of the party to leave the governing coalition.[14]
On 21 July 2019, Munteanu was elected leader of Save Bessarabia Union (USB).[15] In 2020, the USB joined under the leadership of Munteanu the Mișcarea Politică Unirea, a political party established for the unification of Moldova and Romania.[16][17] In November 2021 political party "Save Bessarabia Union" ceased its independent activity and joined the "Alliance for the Union of Romanians".[18]
Valeriu Munteanu is married to Victoria Munteanu and has four daughters: Camelia, Ilinca, Smaranda and Crăita, the latter being born in December 2014.[19]