Urus-Martanovsky Jamaat

Urus-Martanovsky Jamaat
Урус-Мартановский джамаат
FounderRamzan Akhmadov
LeadersRamzan Akhmadov («Khamza») † (1996–2001)
Huta Akhmadov («Abdurakhman») † (1996–1999)
Rizvan Akhmadov («Dadu»)  † (2001–2002)
Aslan Dukuzov («Saif-Islam»)  † (2001–2002)
Zelimkhan Akhmadov («Zema»)  † (2002)
Magomed Tsagaraev [ru] («Nurdin»)  † (2001)
Bislan Sedaev [ru] («Khalid»)  † (2002)
Rizvan Varaev  † (1999)
Apti Abitaev  (POW) (2001)
Solsbek Shadukaev  (POW) (2001)
Isa Gelhaev  † (2003)
Taus Udaev  † (2004)
Musa Gelhaev [ru]  † (2004)
Ruslan Vakhaev  † (2005)
Timur Daaev  (POW) (2006)
Dates of operation1996–2006
HeadquartersUrus-Martan, Chechnya
Active regionsChechnya and Dagestan
IdeologySalafism
Size2,500 (1999)
Part of Chechen Republic of Ichkeria
Allies Congress of the Peoples of Ichkeria and Dagestan
Special Purpose Islamic Regiment
Opponents Russian Federation
Battles and warsChechen–Russian conflict

Urus-Martanovsky Jamaat (Russian: Урус-Мартановский джамаат[1]) was the largest Chechen Salafist paramilitary organization formed by Ramzan Akhmadov at the end of the First Chechen War.[2] The organization controlled the Urus-Martanovsky District and attempted to establish an Islamic state with a Sharia form of government throughout Chechnya.[2] During the Second Chechen War this organisation was the strongest military force in Chechnya, which took part in major military actions against the Russian Armed Forces.[3] Most of the members of this organization were representatives of the Ghendarganoy teip.[4]

History

Formed by Ramzan Akhmadov at the end of the First Chechen War, the organisation became involved in the process of Islamisation of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, acting as an opponent of President Maskhadov's secularist policies.[2] In 1998, this confrontation turned into a military conflict that ended with the defeat of Maskhadov's supporters in the battle of Urus-Martan.[5]

The Urus-Martanovsky District, which was under Ramzan Akhmadov's full control,[6] was turned into the centre of Salafism in Chechnya, where Sharia rules were applied and public executions of criminals were carried out.[7]

During the Second Chechen War, the Urus-Martanovsky Jamaat took part in major battles in Argun and Shatoy before turning to guerrilla warfare.[8]

Leaders

Leaders of Urus-Martanovsky Jamaat
Name Native Position Date
Ramzan Akhmadov[2] Urus-Martan 1st Emir of the Urus-Martanovsky Jamaat 1996–2001
Huta Akhmadov[4] Urus-Martan Commander of the Urus-Martanovsky Jamaat 1996–1999
Magomed Tsagaraev [ru][9] Urus-Martan Naib of the Urus-Martanovsky Jamaat 1996–2001
Bislan Sedaev [ru][10] Urus-Martan Commander of the Urus-Martanovsky Jamaat 1996–2002
Rizvan Varaev[4] Urus-Martan Commander of the Urus-Martanovsky Jamaat 1996–2001
Apti Abitaev[4] Urus-Martan Commander of the Urus-Martanovsky Jamaat 1996–2001
Solsbek Shadukaev[11] Tangi-Chu 2nd Emir of the Urus-Martanovsky Jamaat 2001
Aslan Dukuzov[3] Urus-Martan 3rd Emir of the Urus-Martanovsky Jamaat 2001–2002
Rizvan Akhmadov[12] Urus-Martan Naib of the Urus-Martanovsky Jamaat 1996–2002
Zelimkhan Akhmadov[13] Urus-Martan Commander of the Urus-Martanovsky Jamaat 2002
Isa Gelhaev[14] Roshni-Chu Commander of the Urus-Martanovsky Jamaat 2003
Taus Udaev[15] Urus-Martan 4th Emir of the Urus-Martanovsky Jamaat 2004
Musa Gelhaev [ru][16] Roshni-Chu 5th Emir of the Urus-Martanovsky Jamaat 2004
Ruslan Vakhaev[17] Urus-Martan 6th Emir of the Urus-Martanovsky Jamaat 2005
Timur Daaev[18] Urus-Martan 7th Emir of the Urus-Martanovsky Jamaat 2006

References

  1. ^ Мир Ислама--история, общество, культура материалы Международной исламоведческой научной конференции, 11–13 декабря 2007 г., Москва, РГГУ. ISBN 544-757905-8.
  2. ^ a b c d Этнический сепаратизм в России. – Грозный: Панорама, 2008. – С. 57. – 224 с. – ISBN 585-895053-1.
  3. ^ a b "Урус-мартановские ваххабиты потеряли вожака". kommersant.ru (in Russian). 18 April 2002. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
  4. ^ a b c d "Урус-Мартановский джамаат". terroristica.in (in Russian). 2 July 2021. Retrieved 31 October 2023.
  5. ^ "ЗА ЧТО ВОЮЮТ С ДЖАМААТОМ?". vfl.ru (in Russian). 4 April 1998. Retrieved 1 October 2023.
  6. ^ Першиц А. И. Ваххабиты на Северном Кавказе – религия, политика, социальная практика // Вестник Российской академии наук. – 1998. – Т. 68, № 12. – С. 1113–1116.
  7. ^ "Урус-Мартан на карте страны". eva-hiorst.ru (in Russian). 26 January 2022. Retrieved 1 October 2023.
  8. ^ Терроризм и террористы: современная Россия. – Грозный: Центр политической информации, 2003. – С. 64–91. – 91 с.
  9. ^ Здесь живут люди: Чечня – хроника насилия, Часть 4. – Москва: Звенья, "Мемориал, 2003. – С. 131. – 350 с. – ISBN 978-585-4-05018-0.
  10. ^ Чеченский рецидив: записки командующего. – Мс.: Вагриус, 2003. – С. 163. – 380 с. – ISBN 5-95600-137-2.
  11. ^ "Эмир убивал имамов". kommersant.ru (in Russian). 20 December 2001. Retrieved 31 October 2023.
  12. ^ "Российские военные сообщают о гибели полевого командира". svoboda.org (in Russian). 19 August 2002. Retrieved 31 October 2023.
  13. ^ Неоконченная война: история вооруженного конфликта в Чечне. – Москва: Харвест, 2002. – С. 527–529. – 671 с. – ISBN 978-985-13-1454-2.
  14. ^ "Бой в Шатойском районе". svoboda.org (in Russian). 28 April 2003. Retrieved 31 October 2023.
  15. ^ "Командиров обвинили посмертно". kommersant.ru (in Russian). 25 May 2004. Retrieved 1 October 2023.
  16. ^ Чеченская Республика и чеченцы: история и современность. – Мс.: Наука, 2006. – С. 523. – 574 с. – ISBN 502-0-34016-2.
  17. ^ "В Чечне уничтожен организатор нападения на Рошни-Чу". lenta.ru (in Russian). 22 August 2005. Retrieved 1 October 2023.
  18. ^ "В Чечне задержан эмир Урус-Мартановского джамаата". kommersant.ru (in Russian). 17 June 2006. Retrieved 1 October 2023.