Undecane

Undecane
Structural formula of undecane
Skeletal formula of undecane with all implicit carbons shown, and all explicit hydrogens added
Ball-and-stick model of the undecane molecule
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Undecane[1]
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
1697099
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.013.001 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 214-300-6
MeSH undecane
RTECS number
  • YQ1525000
UNII
UN number 2330
  • InChI=1S/C11H24/c1-3-5-7-9-11-10-8-6-4-2/h3-11H2,1-2H3 checkY
    Key: RSJKGSCJYJTIGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • CCCCCCCCCCC
Properties
C11H24
Molar mass 156.313 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless liquid
Odor Gasoline-like to Odorless
Density 740 g/L
Melting point −26 °C (−15 °F; 247 K)
Boiling point 196 °C (385 °F; 469 K)
log P 6.312
Vapor pressure 55 Pa (at 25 °C)[2]
5.4 nmol Pa−1 kg−1
-131.84·10−6 cm3/mol
1.417
Thermochemistry
345.05 J K−1 mol−1
458.15 J K−1 mol−1
−329.8–−324.6 kJ mol−1
−7.4339–−7.4287 MJ mol−1
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS02: Flammable GHS08: Health hazard
Danger
H304, H315, H319, H331, H335
P261, P301+P310, P305+P351+P338, P311, P331
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g. chlorine gasFlammability 2: Must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperature before ignition can occur. Flash point between 38 and 93 °C (100 and 200 °F). E.g. diesel fuelInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
3
2
0
Flash point 60.0 °C (140.0 °F; 333.1 K)
240 °C (464 °F; 513 K)
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
> 2000 mg/kg (rat, oral)
> 5000 mg/kg (rat, dermal)
> 20 mg/L (rat, 8 hours)
Safety data sheet (SDS) Fisher Scientific
Related compounds
Related alkanes
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Undecane (also known as hendecane) is a liquid alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)9CH3. It is used as a mild sex attractant for various types of moths and cockroaches, and an alert signal for a variety of ants.[3] It has 159 isomers.[4]

Undecane may also be used as an internal standard in gas chromatography when working with other hydrocarbons. Since the boiling point of undecane (196 °C) is well known, it may be used as a comparison for retention times in a gas chromatograph for molecules whose structure has been freshly elucidated. For example, if one is working with a 50 m crosslinked methyl silicone capillary column with an oven temperature increasing slowly, beginning around 60 °C, an 11-carbon molecule like undecane may be used as an internal standard to be compared with the retention times of other 10-, 11-, or 12- carbon molecules, depending on their structures.

See also

References

  1. ^ "undecane - Compound Summary". PubChem Compound. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 16 September 2004. Identification and Related Records. Retrieved 5 January 2012.
  2. ^ Yaws, Carl L. (1999). Chemical Properties Handbook. New York: McGraw-Hill. pp. 159–179. ISBN 0-07-073401-1.
  3. ^ Hölldobler B, Wilson EO (1990). The Ants. Harvard University Press. p. 287. ISBN 0-674-04075-9.
  4. ^ Stoermer, Martin (2023). "Undecane Isomers". Figshare. doi:10.6084/M9.FIGSHARE.24309724.
  • Undecane at Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
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