Perhaps the best-known is Mohr's salt, ferrous ammonium sulfate (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2.(H2O)6).[4] Other examples include the vanadous Tutton salt (NH4)2V(SO4)2(H2O)6 and the chromous Tutton salt (NH4)2Cr(SO4)2(H2O)6.[5] In solids and solutions, the M'2+ ion exists as a metal aquo complex [M'(H2O)6]2+.
Related to the Tutton's salts are the alums, which are also double salts but with the formula MM'(SO4)2(H2O)12. The Tutton's salts were once termed "false alums".[6]
Unit cell of ferrous ammonium sulfate (N is violet, O is red, S is orange, Fe is large red).
Tutton salts are sometimes called Schönites after the naturally occurring mineral called Schönite (K2Mg(SO4)2(H2O)6). They are named for Alfred Edwin Howard Tutton, who identified and characterised a large range of these salts around 1900.[7] Such salts were of historical importance because they were obtainable in high purity and served as reliable reagents and spectroscopic standards.
density=1.921;[31] heat of formation=-777.9 kcal/mol[31] Jahn-Teller distortion axis switches under pressure of ~1500 bars, a,b axis shrinks 3.3% and 3.5% and c axis extends 4.5%.[30]
Potassium Nickel Sulfate Hexahydrate[14] used as UV filter[48]
Rb
Ni
Rb2[Ni(H2O)6](SO4)2
Rubidium Nickel Sulfate Hexahydrate
6.221
12.41
9.131
106.055°
677.43
001 surface has step growth of 4.6 Å, optical transmission bands at 250, 500 and 860 nm which are the same as nickel sulfate hexahydrate, but UV band transmits more. Heavy absorption 630-720 nm and 360-420 nm3 density 2.596 g cm−3.[48] stable to 100.5 °C solubility in g/100ml=0.178t + 4.735 MW=529.87
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^Dobe, Christopher; Hans-Peter Andres; Philip L.W. Tregenna-Piggott; Susanne Mossin; Høgni Weihe; Stefan Janssen (2002). "Variable temperature inelastic neutron scattering study of chromium(II) Tutton salt: manifestation of the 5E ⊗ e Jahn–Teller effect". Chemical Physics Letters. 362 (5–6): 387–396. Bibcode:2002CPL...362..387D. doi:10.1016/S0009-2614(02)01131-4. ISSN0009-2614.
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^Ballirano, Paolo; Girolamo Belardi; Ferdinando Bosi (2007). "Redetermination of the Tutton's salt ". Acta Crystallographica Section E. 63 (7): i164 –i165. doi:10.1107/S1600536807029790. ISSN1600-5368.
^ abSimmons, Charles J.; Michael A. Hitchman; Horst Stratemeier; Arthur J. Schultz (1993). "High-pressure, low-temperature, single-crystal neutron diffraction study of deuterated and hydrogenous ammonium hexaaquacopper(II) sulfate (Tutton's salt): a pressure-switchable Jahn-Teller distortion". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 115 (24): 11304–11311. Bibcode:1993JAChS.11511304S. doi:10.1021/ja00077a032. ISSN0002-7863.
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^"Mohrite"(PDF). Mineral Data Publishing. Retrieved 17 June 2013.
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^Swanson, H. E.; H. F. McMurdie; M. C. Morris; E. H. Evans (September 1970). "Standard X-ray Diffraction Powder Patterns"(PDF). National Bureau of Standards Monograph 25 Section 8. National Bureau of Standards. p. 54. Retrieved 16 June 2013.
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^Nalbandyan, V. B. (29 February 2012). "Thallium manganese sulfate hexahydrate, a missing Tutton's salt, and a brief review of the entire family". Powder Diffraction. 23 (1): 52–55. Bibcode:2008PDiff..23...52N. doi:10.1154/1.2840634. S2CID97043497.
^ abBernhard, Paul; Ludi, Andreas (March 1984). "Infrared and Raman spectra of the hexaaquaruthenium ions: normal-coordinate analysis for and ". Inorganic Chemistry. 23 (7): 870–872. doi:10.1021/ic00175a015.
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