Timeline of Melbourne history
The Melbourne, also known as the settlement skyline, and Yarra River The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Melbourne , Victoria , Australia.
Pre-European settlement
Aboriginal Australians settled the area for at least 30,000 years.
A map dating to the 1880s shows the well-established suburbs of Melbourne . 1800 – James Grant explores the south-east of Australia
1801 – John Murray sails into Port Phillip in the Lady Nelson
1803 – Charles Robbins and Charles Grimes explore the entirety of Port Phillip and discover the Yarra River in the Cumberland
1803 – David Collins sent from Sydney to establish a settlement for the British Government . Unaware of previous discoveries, Collins settles near present-day Sullivan Bay on the Mornington Peninsula . This settlement is abandoned five months later.
1834 – Henty family establish first long-term European settlement in Victoria at Portland
1835 – John Batman 'buys' the 2,430 km2 that Melbourne would be founded on from the local Aboriginal nation, the Wurundjeri . The Batman Deed is now widely recognised to be more of a treaty than a sale.
1835 – Melbourne is founded by John Batman and John Pascoe Fawkner 1836 – William Lonsdale built the first government block, declaring Melbourne the capital of the Port Phillip district[ 1]
1837 – 28 March – Hoddle Grid of streets for the central business district is surveyed by Robert Hoddle
1837 – 10 April - Melbourne named by Governor General Richard Bourke [ 2]
1837 – 1 June – First inner-city land sale
1838 – Melbourne is declared a legal port and administrative centre, opening the way for vastly increased immigration
1838 – Melbourne Cricket Club is founded
1838 – Second inner-city land sale
1839 – Third inner-city land sale. Quarrying of bluestone began out of the Melbourne Corporation Quarry at Clifton Hill.
1840 – First petition for the separation of Port Phillip District from New South Wales drafted by Henry Fyshe Gisborne and presented to Governor George Gipps .
1841 – First seaport and market are opened
1842 – Melbourne Municipal Corporation Act was passed in Sydney. Melbourne City Council is formed.
1842 – Birth of Saint Mary MacKillop
1845 – First Princes Bridge constructed connecting both sides of the Yarra
1846 – The Melbourne Botanic Gardens is founded
1847 – Melbourne declared a city by Queen Victoria on 25 June. [ 3] 1847 – Melbourne Building Act was proposed in 1847 based on Sydney act of 1833.
1848 – Melbourne Hospital founded (from 1935 the hospital is called The Royal Melbourne Hospital )
1848 – First Catholic bishop appointed
1849 – "Melbourne Building Act" was passed.[ 4]
1851 – Beginning of the Victorian gold rush with discovery of gold at Buninyong
1851 – Victoria becomes a colony, separate from New South Wales 1851 – First state Lieutenant-Governor Charles La Trobe inaugurated
1852 – City's first gas works is opened
1853 – The University of Melbourne is founded
1854 – The Melbourne Terminus (first Flinders Street station building) is completed
1854 – First steam railway journey in Australia from Melbourne Terminus (on the current site of Flinders Street station ) to Sandridge (later Port Melbourne )
1854 – Melbourne Exhibition held in conjunction with Exposition Universelle (1855)
1854 – The State Library of Victoria is founded
1854 – First telegraph service, to Williamstown
1854 – The first Town Hall is completed
1855 – First state Governor Sir Charles Hotham inaugurated
1855 – The Melbourne Museum is founded
1856 – Stonemasons win the eight-hour day
1857 – First reservoir water supply (at Yan Yean Reservoir ) tapped outside city limits
1857 – Queen Victoria Market is founded
1857 – Victoria's first country railway from Geelong to Melbourne is built
1857 – City streets first lit by gas lighting
1858 – 7 August – a game of football played between Melbourne Grammar School and Scotch College
1858 – First inter-city telegraph services, to Adelaide and Sydney
1859 – 14 May – Melbourne Football Club , Australia's oldest football club, is founded
1859 – Spencer Street station (then Batman's Hill Station) and Princes Bridge railway station completed
1859 – Construction of the General Post Office begins
1859 – First Melbourne Trades Hall building opened.
1860 – Burke & Wills expedition departed from Royal Park .
1861 – National Gallery of Victoria is founded
1861 – First Melbourne Cup
1861 – Victorian Exhibition held
1861 – Melbourne's population reaches 125,000 1862 – Melbourne Zoo founded
1863 – Batman's Hill levelled
1865 – Melbourne overtakes Sydney to become Australia's most populous city 1866 – Intercolonial Exhibition of Australasia held
1867 – Melbourne Town Hall begins construction
1869 – Royal Mint is completed
1874 – Supreme Court building is completed
1875 – Victorian Intercolonial Exhibition held
1877 – First Test cricket match, between Australia and England , at the Melbourne Cricket Ground . First season of the Victorian Football Association .
1878 – Xavier College , in Kew , is founded after the increased need of boarding space for the oldest Jesuit School in Melbourne, St Pat's.
1878 – Ruyton Girls' School , also in Kew is founded by Charlotte Anderson. Its land includes the heritage listed Henty House, built by the seminal Hentys of Sussex.
1880 – Ned Kelly hanged in Melbourne Gaol
1880 – Royal Exhibition Building opened
1880 – Melbourne International Exhibition held
1883 – Historic Yarra-Yarra Falls (near Queens Bridge ) removed using explosives
1884 – Victorian International Exhibition held
1885 – First cable tram line opens in the Melbourne cable tramway system
1885 – Victorians' Jubilee Exhibition
1887 – Melbourne Town Hall is completed
1888 – Victorian Juvenile Industrial Exhibition and Centennial International Exhibition held
1890 – Melbourne and Metropolitan Board of Works is formed
1894 – City streets first lit by electric lighting
1897 – First season of the Victorian Football League
1897 – First part of the mains sewage system becomes operational
20th century
Chart of Melbourne's population growth since first settlement in 1851 The President of the Zoological Board, feeding a llama, 1937 at the Melbourne Zoo 1940 – Last cable tram service ends operation
1943 – Russell Street Police Headquarters building is completed
1954 – April—Victorian Railways closes the Upper Ferntree Gully to Gembrook narrow-gauge railway (now Puffing Billy Railway)
1954 – First Moomba parade
1954 – Proposal to demolish much of East Melbourne and Jolimont Yard to make way for an inner city ringroad.
1955 – City's first parking meters are installed
1955 – ICI building given special exception from CBD height limits
1956 – First television station HSV-7
1956 – Olympic Games held in Melbourne
1957 – Plot ratio height limits introduced to CBD (dependent upon floor space and light angles), plazas and open space. By laws introduced for compulsory carspace for all new city buildings. 1.45 m setbacks for 'Little' streets introduced to widen footpaths.
1959 – Sidney Myer Music Bowl opened
1961 – Proposal to demolish Flinders Street station and replace it with office blocks.
1962 – Puffing Billy Railway is re-opened as a tourist attraction
1963 – Death of Archbishop Mannix aged 99.
1966 – Abolition of 6:00pm closing of hotels (introduced in 1916)
1967 – first woman city councillor Clare Cascarret
1969 – Proposal to demolish the Regent Theatre for multi-storey development.
1970 – Green Bans begin in Carlton , and are led by Norm Gallagher . Green Bans would later be applied to the City Baths , Flinders Street Station , Hotel Windsor , Newport Power Station , the Old Treasury Building , Princess Theatre , Queen Victoria Market , Regent Theatre , the Royal Botanical Gardens , Royal Parade and St Patrick's Cathedral , among many other locations.[ 5]
1970 – (15 October) 35 construction workers die when a span of the West Gate Bridge collapses
1974 – Underground City Loop construction begins
1975 – Z-class tram introduced
1975 – 1 March, Colour television introduced.
1979 – Workers at the Union Carbide -owned Altona Petrochemical Plant take control of the workplace for 52 days in protest of their firing.[ 6]
1982 – City Loop subway opened
1983 – (8 February) Melbourne dust storm and (16 February) Ash Wednesday fires occur
1983 – Melbourne Fringe Festival founded
1985 – B-class trams introduced
1986 – Car-bombing outside the Russell Street Police Headquarters kills one police officer
1986 – Rialto Towers completed and becomes the city's tallest building as well as the tallest in the southern hemisphere
1986 – Pablo Picasso 's The Weeping Woman activists . Returned a week later.
1986 – Melbourne International Arts Festival founded
1987 – Hoddle Street Massacre , killing 7 and injuring 19.
1987 – Queen Street Massacre , killing 8 and injuring 5.
1987 – Port Melbourne and St Kilda train lines are converted to light rail
1990 – Tram drivers across the city go on strike and attempt to implement workers control in the Tram network.[ 7]
1990 – Southbank Promenade opens, paving the way for urban renewal in Southbank
1991 – Melbourne experiences a severe economic slump; City property markets crash and CBD vacancy rates reach all-time high.
1992 – Pedestrianisation of Swanston Street creates Swanston Street Walk
1992 – Postcode 3000 policy attracts residents to the city centre, warehouses and offices are converted into apartments and CBD vacancy rates drop
1994 – Opening of the Melbourne Observation Deck in Rialto Towers
1994 – Tasty nightclub raid
1995 – Host City to the World Police & Fire Games
1996 – Development of the Docklands area begins
1996 – Construction of the CityLink freeways begins
1996 – Melbourne Convention & Exhibition Centre opens
1996 – Melbourne hosts its first Australian Grand Prix at the Albert Park Circuit
1997 – Crown Melbourne , Melbourne's first gambling centre opens
1999 – Bolte Bridge opens for traffic
21st century
2000 – New Melbourne Museum opened
2000 – CityLink freeways open, including two new tunnels , a new cross-harbour bridge , and electronic tolling
2000 – Docklands Stadium completed
2002 – Federation Square opens
2002 – Controversial Melbourne 2030 planning policy introduced, aimed to increase population in designated 'activity centres' and curb urban sprawl , promises to increase public transport usage to 20% of motorised trips by 2020
2003 – 2003 Melbourne Thunderstorm
2004 – Melbourne Victory FC is formed
2005 – 2005 Melbourne Thunderstorm
2006 – Southern Cross railway station redevelopment opens to passengers, renamed from Spencer Street station
2006 – Commonwealth Games held in Melbourne
2006 – Construction on Eureka Tower is completed, making it the tallest building in Melbourne until 2020 and tallest observation deck in the Southern Hemisphere.
2007 – 2007 FINA Swimming World Championships are held
2008 – New Eastlink freeway completed
2008 – M1 upgrade begins
2009 – Black Saturday bushfires around Melbourne, the worst fires in the history of the city leave 180 people dead
2009 – Melbourne Heart FC is formed
2009 – Melbourne's population reaches 4 million people, expanding by an unprecedented 90,000 people a year[ 8]
2010 – Severe Thunderstorm 6 March, once in a century storm with 10 cm hail stones
2010 – Melbourne celebrates 175th birthday
2011 – Say Yes demonstrations draw 10,000 people who support increased investment in renewable energy A Melbourne tram on Swanston Street in October 2012. 2015 – Construction commences on Australia 108 which, once complete, will be the tallest building in Melbourne
2017 – Six people were killed and thirty wounded in the January 2017 Bourke St car attack , followed by the death of one person and the injury of seventeen in the December 2017 Flinders St car attack
2018 – Major construction begins on the Metro Tunnel , a 9-km underground rail tunnel through the CBD and the biggest public transport project since the City Loop
2020 – Melbourne is hit the hardest by the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia and as a result Melbourne becomes one of the most locked-down cities in the world
2019 – Construction of Aurora Melbourne Central is completed, making it the third tallest building in Melbourne
2020 – Australia 108 is built and opened, becoming the tallest building in Melbourne.
2021 – Local newspapers try to claim Melbourne becomes the most locked-down city in the world.[ 9] [ 10] COVID-19 protests in Australia
2024 – Melbourne Land Forces Expo protests , the largest deployment of Victoria Police at a protest since 2000.
See also
References
^ Lewis, Miles (1995). Melbourne the city's history and development, 2nd ed . City of Melbourne . ^ New South Wales Government Gazette, 12 April 1837 (No.271), p. 303.
^ Melbourne the city's history and development, 2nd ed pg 5, Miles Lewis, 1995
^ Charles Augustus FitzRoy. An Act for Regulating Buildings and Party Walls and for Preventing Mischiefs by Fire in the City of Melbourne. Melbourne: (Government of New South Wales, 1849).
^ Burgmann, Verity and Meredith (1998). Green Bans, Red Union: Environmental Activism and the New South Wales Builders Labourers' Federation . pp. 50– 51. ^ Ness, Immanuel (2014). New Forms of Worker Organisation: The Syndicalist and Autonomist Restoration of Class Struggle Unionism . ^ "Melbourne tram dispute and lockout 1990 - anarcho-syndicalism in practice" . libcom.org . Retrieved 14 January 2019 .^ Lahey, Tim Colebatch and Kate (22 September 2009). "Melbourne's population hits 4 million" . The Sydney Morning Herald . Retrieved 11 July 2019 . ^ "How do Melbourne's lockdown and COVID-19 deaths compare to other locked down cities?" . 27 September 2021.^ " . Independent.co.uk
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