Timeline of Cienfuegos

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Cienfuegos, Cuba.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Prior to 20th century

• 1494 - Christopher Columbus visited Cienfuegos Bay.
• 1745 - Castillo de Jagua (fort) built.[1]
• 1819
  • April 22: Fernandina de Jagua founded by Luis de Clouet in Spanish colonial Captaincy General of Cuba.[1][2]
  • December: Population: 231.[2]
• 1825 - Town "destroyed by a hurricane and rebuilt". [1]
• 1829 - Town renamed "Villa de Cienfuegos."[2]
• 1831 - Town coat of arms designed.[2]
• 1833 - Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception Cathedral first completed.
• 1844 - Governor's house built.[1]
• 1880 - Cienfuegos becomes a city.[2]
• 1890 - Tomás Terry Theatre opens.[3]
• 1892 - Population: 27,430.[4]
• 1898
  • La Correspondencia newspaper begins publication.[5]
  • Two vessels of the United States fleet under Admiral Schley blockaded the port. [1]
• 1899 - Population: 30,038 city; 59,128 district; 356,536 province.[6]

20th century

• 1901 - Jardín Botánico de Cienfuegos founded.
• 1903
  • Roman Catholic Diocese of Cienfuegos established.[7]
  • Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception Cathedral became a cathedral.
• 1907 - Population: 30,100 city; 70,416 municipality.[1] [8]
• 1911 - Teatro Luisa opens.[3]
• 1913 - Tivoli Gardens (theatre) opens.[3]
• 1917 - Palacio de Valle (an historic villa) completed.
• 1919 - Population: 95,865.[9]
• 1933 - Carlos Rafael Rodríguez becomes mayor.[10]
• 1935 - Biblioteca Municipal (library) established.[11]
• 1939 - Orquesta Aragón dance band formed.[12]
• 1957
  • Political unrest.[2][13]
  • Naval mutiny at Cienfuegos
• 1959 - Armed conflict between government and counterrevolutionaries begins.[2]
• 1965 - Armed conflict between government and counterrevolutionaries ends.[2]
• 1966 - Population: 89,000.[14]
• 1976
  • November 2: Municipal election held, the first since 1959.[15]
  • Cienfuegos Province established (previously part of Las Villas Province).[15]
  • Archivo Histórico Provincial de Cienfuegos (archives) established.[16]
• 1980 - Carlos Marx cement plant begins operating.[17]
• 1983 - Juragua Nuclear Power Plant construction begins.
• 1984 - Population: 107,850 (estimate).[18]
• 1999 - Population: 137,513 city; 395,100 province.[19]

21st century

• 2005
  • July: Hurricane Dennis occurs.
  • Historic Centre of Cienfuegos designated an UNESCO World Heritage Site.
• 2014 - Population: 149,129.[20]

See also

• Cienfuegos history
• Timelines of other cities in Cuba: Camagüey, Guantánamo, Havana, Holguín, Matanzas, Santiago de Cuba

References

1. Britannica 1910.
2. García Martínez 2012.
3. "Movie Theaters in Cienfuegos, Cuba". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles, USA: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved September 27, 2016.
4. "Spain: Colonies: Cuba and Porto Rico". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1895. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368325.
5. "Cuba: Cienfuegos", American Newspaper Annual, Philadelphia: N.W. Ayer & Son, 1902
6. War Department (1900). Census of Cuba, 1899. Washington DC: Government Printing Office.
7. "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Cuba". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved September 27, 2016.
8. Victor H. Olmsted; Henry Gannett, eds. (1909). Cuba: Population, History and Resources 1907. Washington DC: United States Bureau of the Census.
9. "Cuba". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440.
10. Ronald Hilton (1951). Cuba, Dominican Republic and Haiti. Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-0757-2. OCLC 27702105. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
11. Miguel Viciedo Valdés (2005), "Breve reseña sobre la biblioteca pública en Cuba antes de 1959", Acimed (in Spanish), vol. 14, no. 1, Havana: Centro Nacional de Informacion de Ciencias Medicas, ISSN 1024-9435
12. Rebecca M. Bodenheimer (2015). Geographies of Cubanidad: Place, Race, and Musical Performance in Contemporary Cuba. USA: University Press of Mississippi. ISBN 978-1-62674-684-8.
13. García Martínez 2007.
14. Alfonso González (1971). "Population of Cuba". Caribbean Studies. 11 (2). University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus: 74–84. JSTOR 25612382.
15. Leslie Bethell, ed. (1990). Latin America Since 1930: Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean. Vol. 7. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-24518-0. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
16. García Martínez 2003.
17. Irving Louis Horowitz, ed. (1995). Cuban Communism 1959-1995 (8th ed.). Transaction Publishers. ISBN 978-1-4128-2089-9.
18. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289.
19. South America, Central America and the Caribbean 2002. Europa Publications. 2001. ISBN 978-1-85743-121-6.
20. "Population of Capital Cities and Cities of 100,000 or More Inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2014. United Nations Statistics Division.

Bibliography

in English

• "Cienfuegos" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). 1910. p. 364.
• Cederlöf, Gustav (2019). "The Revolutionary City: Socialist Urbanisation and Nuclear Modernity in Cienfuegos, Cuba" (PDF). Journal of Latin American Studies. 52: 53–76. doi:10.1017/S0022216X19000920.
• Orlando F. García Martínez (2012), "Cienfuegos", in Alan West-Durán (ed.), Cuba, Charles Scribner's Sons, ISBN 978-0684316819

in Spanish

• Enrique Edo (1861). Memoria histórica de la villa de Cienfuegos y su jurisdicción (in Spanish). Cienfuegos: Imp. de "El Telégrafo" – via Biblioteca Digital Hispánica [es].
• "Cienfuegos". Diccionario enciclopédico hispano-americano de literatura, ciencias y artes (in Spanish). Vol. 5. Barcelona: Montaner y Simon. 1890. hdl:2027/mdp.35112203983400 – via HathiTrust.
• "Santa Clara: Cienfuegos". Anuario del comercio, de la industria, de la magistratura y de la administracion de España, sus colonias, Cuba, Puerto-Rico y Filipinas, estados hispano-americanos y Portugal [Yearbook of Commerce, Industry, Judiciary and Administration of Spain, its Colonies Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Philippines, Spanish American States and Portugal] (in Spanish). Madrid: Bailly-Bailliere e Hijos. 1908.
• Orlando F. García Martínez (1976). "Estudio de la economía cienfueguera desde la fundación de la Colonia Fernandina de Jagua hasta mediados del siglo XIX" [Study of Cienfuegos economy since the founding of the colony Fernandina de Jagua until the mid-nineteenth century]. Islas (in Spanish) (55–56). Santa Clara: Universidad Central de Las Villas: 117–170. ISSN 0047-1542.
• García Martínez, Orlando (2003). "Cienfuegos". In Louis A. Pérez; Rebecca Jarvis Scott (eds.). The Archives of Cuba: Los Archivos de Cuba (in Spanish). University of Pittsburgh Press. pp. 94–104. ISBN 0822941953. (fulltext)
• Orlando F. García Martínez (2007). "El alzamiento popular del 5 de septiembre de 1957 en Cienfuegos". Ariel: La revista cultural de Cienfuegos (in Spanish) (10). Dirección Provincial de Cultura de Cienfuegos. ISSN 1560-9375.

External links

• Items related to Cienfuegos, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America)
• "(Cienfuegos)". Cuban Heritage Collection. USA: University of Miami Libraries.
• "(Cienfuegos)" – via Digital Library of the Caribbean.
• Items related to Cienfuegos, various dates (via Europeana)