"The Panther" (subtitled: "In Jardin des Plantes, Paris"; German: Der Panther: Im Jardin des Plantes, Paris) is a poem by Rainer Maria Rilke written between 1902 and 1903.[1] It describes a captured panther behind bars, as it was exhibited in the Ménagerie of the Jardin des Plantes in Paris. It is one of Rilke's most famous poems and has been translated into English many times, including by many distinguished translators of Rilke, like Stephen Mitchell, C. F. MacIntyre, J. B. Leishman and Walter Arndt, Jessie Lamont and poets like Robert Bly. It is used in the film Awakenings (1990) by the protagonist Leonard Lowe as a metaphor for his physical disability.
Content
The poem consists of three stanzas (strophes), each containing four verses with alternating feminine and masculine cadence:
German
Sein Blick ist vom Vorübergehn der Stäbe so müd geworden, daß er nichts mehr hält. Ihm ist, als ob es tausend Stäbe gäbe und hinter tausend Stäben keine Welt.
Der weiche Gang geschmeidig starker Schritte, der sich im allerkleinsten Kreise dreht, ist wie ein Tanz von Kraft um eine Mitte, in der betäubt ein großer Wille steht.
Nur manchmal schiebt der Vorhang der Pupille sich lautlos auf –. Dann geht ein Bild hinein, geht durch der Glieder angespannte Stille – und hört im Herzen auf zu sein.
English
His gaze against the sweeping of the bars has grown so weary, it can hold no more. To him, there seem to be a thousand bars and back behind those thousand bars no world.
The soft the supple step and sturdy pace, that in the smallest of all circles turns, moves like a dance of strength around a core in which a mighty will is standing stunned.
Only at times the pupil’s curtain slides up soundlessly — . An image enters then, goes through the tensioned stillness of the limbs — and in the heart ceases to be.
— English translation by Stanley Appelbaum
English
His vision, from the constantly passing bars, has grown so weary that it cannot hold anything else. It seems to him there are a thousand bars; and behind the bars, no world.
As he paces in cramped circles, over and over, the movement of his powerful soft strides is like a ritual dance around a center in which a mighty will stands paralyzed.
Only at times, the curtain of the pupils lifts, quietly--. An image enters in, rushes down through the tensed, arrested muscles, plunges into the heart and is gone.
Hans Kügler: Rainer Maria Rilke. Der Panther. In: Karl Hotz (Hrsg.): Gedichte aus sieben Jahrhunderten. Interpretationen. Buchner, Bamberg 1987, ISBN3-7661-4311-5, p. 211 German)
Manfred Back: „Das Anschauen ist eine so wunderbare Sache …“. Rilkes Panther nach dem Sprung ins Dinggedicht. In: Ingo Wintermeyer (Hrsg.): Kleine Lauben, Arcadien und Schnabelewopski. Festschrift für Klaus Jeziorkowski. Königshausen und Neumann, Würzburg 1995, ISBN3-8260-1053-1, pp. 123–131 (excerpt at Google books, German).
Erich Unglaub: Panther und Aschanti. Rilke-Gedichte in kulturwissenschaftlicher Sicht. Lang, Frankfurt am Main u. a. 2005, ISBN3-631-53791-3 (German)
Lawrence Ryan: Neue Gedichte - New Poems. In: Erika Alma Metzger (ed.), Michael M. Metzger (ed.): A Companion to the Works of Rainer Maria Rilke. Boydell & Brewer, 2001, ISBN9781571130525, pp. 128-153
