Tarmida initiates or novices (ࡔࡅࡀࡋࡉࡀšualia) can come from any "pure" family. In other words, the families must be ritually pure, meaning that there are no family members who have committed grave sins. Ritually pure laymen are also known as hallali in Mandaic. Typically, the novices have been trained as ritual assistants (šganda or ašganda) when they were children. Initiates may or may not be married, although typically they are not yet married.[3]
In order to be ordained as a tarmida, the initiate (ࡔࡅࡀࡋࡉࡀšualia) must go through a complex series of initiation rituals lasting 68 days. Various rituals are performed by the initiator priest (ࡓࡁࡀrba), who recites from priestly esoteric texts such as The Coronation of the Great Shishlam (Šarh d-Traṣa d-Taga d-Šišlam Rabbā),[4] the Scroll of Exalted Kingship (Diwan Malkuta ʿLaita),[5]The Great Supreme World (Alma Rišaia Rba),[6] and the Qulasta. Ritual helpers (šganda or ࡔࡂࡀࡍࡃࡀašganda), who represent emissaries from the World of Light, also help perform the rituals, many of which are held in a specially constructed priest initiation hut (škinta) and also a nearby temporary reed hut (andiruna).[3]
Stages
For the first 7 of the 68 days, both the novice and the initiator stay in the škinta without sleeping. This period is concluded by the novice baptizing the initiator.
Next, the novice goes through 60 days of seclusion, maintains his ritual purity, and cooks his own food. Only the šganda, who visits everyday to exchange kušṭa, is allowed to come in contact with the novice. 180 rahmas (devotional prayers) are recited during these 60 days, with 60 prayers each meant for the soul, spirit, and body (hence 3 sets of 60) as the Coronation text explains.
After the 60 days of seclusion are over, additional rituals are performed with priests, including a zidqa brikha (blessed oblation; Classical Mandaic: ࡆࡉࡃࡒࡀ ࡁࡓࡉࡊࡀ) ritual meal.
Finally, the novice baptizes his initiator again, and the 68-day ordination ceremony is complete.[3]
Below is the sequence of Qulasta prayer numbers for the tarmida initiation according to both the Coronation and Exalted Kingship. Exalted Kingship contains more detailed descriptions of the rituals, while the Coronation is shorter. During the prayers, pihtaࡐࡉࡄࡕࡀ (sacramental bread) and mambuhaࡌࡀࡌࡁࡅࡄࡀ (sacramental water) are also consumed. Ritual handclasps (kušṭa) are often exchanged between the novice and the initiator, and sometimes also with the ritual assistant (šganda). Various names of the deceased (zharaࡆࡄࡀࡓࡀ) are also uttered along with the prayers.[3]
^ abcdBuckley, Jorunn Jacobsen (2002). The Mandaeans: ancient texts and modern people. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN0-19-515385-5. OCLC65198443.
^24 prayers called kḏ azil bhira dakiaࡗ ࡀࡆࡉࡋ ࡁࡄࡉࡓࡀ ࡃࡀࡊࡉࡀ ("When the proven, pure one went"), which describe and praise the new priest, now included among his fellow uthras.
