Supreme Burgrave of the Kingdom of Bohemia

Staré purkrabství in Prague Castle

The Supreme Burgrave of the Kingdom of Bohemia, originally the Burgrave of Prague or the Burgrave of Prague Castle (Czech: Nejvyšší purkrabí; German: Oberstburggraf; Latin: supremus burgravius) was the most important land official of the Kingdom of Bohemia. They were the head of the Bohemian Diet and the Bohemian land court [cs], and commander of the Zemská hotovost [cs].

The supreme burgrave was appointed directly by the king, was appointed for life and could only be deposed in exceptional circumstances. The traditional seat of the supreme burgrave was the Staré purkrabství [cs] in Prague.

History

In the Crown of the Kingdom of Bohemia, the title of burgrave was given by the King of Bohemia to the chief officer, or the regal official whose command is equivalent to a viceroy's.[1] From the 14th century, the burgrave of Prague—the highest-ranking of all burgraves, seated at Prague Castle, gradually became the state's highest-ranking official, who also acted as the king's deputy;[2] the office became known as the high or supreme burgrave of the Kingdom of Bohemia. After the reforms of Maria Theresa (reign 1740–1780) and her son Joseph II (reign 1780–1790), the title of supreme burgrave gradually lost its de facto power. The title of supreme burgrave was still granted, however, and its holder remained the first officer of the kingdom. It was abolished in 1848.

List

Coat of arms Name Term Additional information
Start End
Smil of Lichtenberg [cs] 1249 1251/1253
Jaroš of Slivno [cs][3] 1253 1264[3]
Oldřich Zajíc of Valdek[3] 1265/1267 1269[3]
Zbislav 1271 1272[3]
Mstidruh of Chlum[3] 1277 1279[3]
Hroznata of Úžice after 1281 ? Brother-in-law of Záviš of Falkenstein
Zdislav of Lemberk[3] 1283 1283[3]
Hroznata of Choustník 1284 1286/1288[3]
Zdeslav III of Šternberk[4] 1288[3] 1289[4][3]
Jan I of Michalovice [cs] 1289 1289
Beneš I of Vartemberk [cs][3] 1291 1297[3]
Jindřich Berka of Dubá 1303 1305
Hynek of Dubá [cs][3] 1305 1309[3]
Oldřich of Lichtenburg [cs] 1313 1314
Beneš of Michalovice 1315 1315
Hynek Berka of Dubá 1321 1346
Hynek Berka the Younger of Dubá [cs] 1346 1351 Son of Hynek Berka of Dubá
William of Landštejn [cs] 1351 1356
Ješek of Vartemberk and Veselá[5] 1356 1362 Grandson of Beneš I of Vartemberk [cs]
Beneš of Veselí[5] 1364 1366? Son of Ješek of Vartemberk and Veselá[5]
Jan I of Vartemberk[5] 1366 1378 Great-grandson of Beneš I of Vartemberk [cs]
Petr of Vartemberk[5] 1381 1386 Great-grandson of Beneš I of Vartemberk [cs]
Otto III of Bergau 1388 1394
Burchard Strnad of Janovice ? 1396
Henry III of Rosenberg 1396 1398 First term
Henry III of Hradec [cs] 1398 1398
Henry III of Rosenberg 1400 1403 Second term
Jan Krušina of Lichtenburg[6] 1403 1407
Albrecht Lukowski of Šternberk 1407[4] ?
Jan the Younger of Hradec [ce] 1411 1413
Čenek of Vartenberk [cs] 1414 1420
Oldřich II of Rosenberg 1431 ?
Meinhard of Neuhaus 1437 1448
Zdeněk of Šternberk 1448 1467
Zdeněk Kostka of Postupice [cs] 1467 1468
Mareš of Švamberk[7] 1485 1487
Wolfgang I Krajíř of Kraik ? 1499
Jan Jenec of Janovice and Petršpurka ? 1502
Henry IV of Neuhaus 1502 1507
Zdeněk Lev of Rožmitál 1507 1523 First term
Jan of Vartemberk 1523 1525 First term
Zdeněk Lev of Rožmitál 1525 1530 Second term
Jan of Vartemberk 1530 1542 Second term
Volf the Elder Krajíř of Krajek 1542 1554
Jan IV Popel of Lobkowitz [cs] 1554 1570
William of Rosenberg 1570 1592
Adam II of Hradec [cs] 1592 1596
Adam II of Šternberk [cs] 1608 1619 First term
Bohuchval Berka of Dubé [cs] 1619 1620
Adam II of Šternberk [cs] 1620 1623 Second term
Adam of Valdštejn [cs][8] 1627 1638
Jaroslav Bořita of Martinice 1638 1649
František Oldřich Libštejnský of Kolovrat [cs] 1649 1650
Bernard Ignaz of Martinice [cs] 1651 1685
Adolf Vratislav of Šternberk [cs] 1685 1703
Heřman Jakub Černín [cs][9] 1704 1710
Jan Josef of Vrtby [cs][10] 1712 1734
Jan Arnošt Antonín Schaffgotsch [cs] 1734 1747
Filip Nerius Krakovský of Kolovrat [cs] 1748 1771
Karel Egon I of Fürstenberg [cs] 1771 1782
František Antonín Nostic-Rieneck [cs] 1782 1787
Ludvík Cavriani [cs] 1787 1791
Jindřich František of Rottenhann [cs] 1791 1792
Prokop Lažanský of Buková [cs] 1792 1794
František Václav Kager of Štampach 1794 1802
Johann Rudolf, Count Chotek of Chotkow and Wognin 1802 1808
Josef Wallis [cs] 1808 1810
Franz Anton von Kolowrat-Liebsteinsky 1811 1826
Karl, Count Chotek of Chotkow and Wognin 1826 1843

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Ebers, Abraham Rees (1819). The Cyclopædia: Or, Universal Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and Literature. Vol. V. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown etc. Burggrave.
  2. ^ Heymann, Frederick Gotthold (1965). George of Bohemia: King of Heretics. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. pp. 451–452, 505–506. ISBN 9781400877584.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Charvát, Jaroslav. Přehled současný nejvyšších důstojníků a úředníků. Dílo Františka Palackého I. (чешск.). — Praha, 1941. — С. 321—417.
  4. ^ a b c Juřík, Pavel. Šternberkové: panský rod v Čechách a na Moravě (чешск.). — Praha: Euromedia Group, k. s. - Knižní klub (Universum), 2013. — 208 с. — ISBN 978-80-242-4065-7
  5. ^ a b c d e "Ottův slovník naučný/z Vartemberka". Archived from the original on 2014-02-22. Retrieved 2014-02-09.
  6. ^ SPĚVÁČEK, Jiří. Václav IV. (1361–1419): K předpokladům husitské revoluce. Praha: Nakladatelství Svoboda, 1986. 773 s. S. 256, 288 a 352.
  7. ^ "ze Švamberka. 199" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-02-21. Retrieved 2014-02-09.
  8. ^ "O historickém znaku města". Archived from the original on 2014-02-22. Retrieved 2014-02-09.
  9. ^ "Heřman Jakub Černín". Archived from the original on 2014-02-22. Retrieved 2014-02-09.
  10. ^ VONDRA, Roman. České země 1705-1792: věk absolutismu, osvícenství, paruk a třírohých klobouků. Praha: Libri, 2010. 384 s. ISBN 978-80-7277-448-7. S. 184.

References