Sulfurisphaera

Sulfurisphaera
Scientific classification
Domain:	Archaea
Kingdom:	Proteoarchaeota
Superphylum:	TACK group
Phylum:	Thermoproteota
Class:	Thermoprotei
Order:	Sulfolobales
Family:	Sulfolobaceae
Genus:	Sulfurisphaera Kurosawa et al. 1998
Type species
Sulfurisphaera ohwakuensis Kurosawa et al. 1998
Species
S. javensis S. ohwakuensis S. tokodaii

Sulfurisphaera is a genus of the Sulfolobaceae.

Description and significance

Sulfurisphaera is a facultatively anaerobic, thermophilic, Gram-negative archaeon that occurs in acidic solfataric fields. The organism grows under the temperature range of 63–92 °C with the optimum temperature at 84 °C, and under the pH range of 1.0–5.0, with an optimum of pH 2.0. It forms colonies that are smooth, roundly convex, and slightly yellow.

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) [1] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)[2]

16S rRNA based LTP_06_2022[3][4][5]	53 marker proteins based GTDB 08-RS214[6][7][8]
Sulfurisphaera S. javensis Tsuboi et al. 2018 Sulfolobus yangmingensis Jan et al. 1999 S. ohwakuensis Kurosawa et al. 1998 S. tokodaii (Suzuki et al. 2002) Tsuboi et al. 2018	Sulfurisphaera S. ohwakuensis S. tokodaii

Genome structure

The genome of Sulfurisphaera is yet to be sequenced. The G + C content is estimated to be 30–33%.

Cell structure and metabolism

The spherical cells of Sulfurisphaera ohwakuensis are 1.2–1.5 μm in diameter. Thin sections of the organism reveal an envelope (approx. 24 nm) surrounding the cell membrane. It grows organotrophically on proteinaceous, complex substrates such as yeast extract, peptone, and tryptone. Growth was not observed on single sugars or amino acids such as D-glucose, D-galactose, D-fructose, D-xylose, lactose, maltose, sucrose, alanine, glutamate, glycine, and histidine.

Ecology

The strains of Sulfurisphaera ohwakuensis were isolated from multiple locations in the acidic hot springs in Ohwaku Valley, Hakone, Japan.[2]

See also

• List of Archaea genera

References

1. J.P. Euzéby. "Sulfurisphaera". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Retrieved 10 May 2023.
2. Sayers; et al. "Sulfurisphaera". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved 10 May 2023.
3. "The LTP". Retrieved 10 May 2023.
4. "LTP_all tree in newick format". Retrieved 10 May 2023.
5. "LTP_06_2022 Release Notes" (PDF). Retrieved 10 May 2023.
6. "GTDB release 08-RS214". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 10 May 2023.
7. "ar53_r214.sp_label". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 10 May 2023.
8. "Taxon History". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 10 May 2023.

Further reading

Scientific journals

• Kurosawa N; Itoh YH; Iwai T; Sugai A; Uda I; et al. (1998). "Sulfurisphaera ohwakuensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel extremely thermophilic acidophile of the order Sulfolobales". Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 48 (2): 451–456. doi:10.1099/00207713-48-2-451. PMID 9731283.
• Mikkelsen, Deirdre; Kappler, Ulrike; McEwan, Alastair G.; Sly, Lindsay I. (24 February 2009). "Probing the archaeal diversity of a mixed thermophilic bioleaching culture by TGGE and FISH" (PDF). Systematic and Applied Microbiology. 32 (7): 501–513. doi:10.1016/j.syapm.2009.06.001. PMID 19541445.

Scientific books

• Stetter, KO (1989). "Order III. Sulfolobales ord. nov. Family Sulfolobaceae fam. nov.". In JT Staley; MP Bryant; N Pfennig; JG Holt (eds.). Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume 3 (1st ed.). Baltimore: The Williams & Wilkins Co. p. 169. ISBN 0-683-07908-5.

External links

• Sulfurisphaera at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase