Stigmella plagicolella

Stigmella plagicolella
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Nepticulidae
Genus: Stigmella
Species:
S. plagicolella
Binomial name
Stigmella plagicolella
(Stainton, 1854)
Synonyms[1]
  • Nepticula plagicolella Stainton, 1854

Stigmella plagicolella is a moth of the family Nepticulidae described by Henry Tibbats Stainton in 1854. It is found in all of Europe (except Iceland and Norway) and the Near East.

Description

The wingspan is 4–5 mm. The thick erect hairs on the head vertex are orange and the collar dark bronze fuscous-white. Antennal eyecaps are whitish. Forewings are shining deep purplish-bronze ; a shining whitish fascia beyond middle; apical area beyond this dark purple-fuscous Hindwings are grey.[2] [3]


Adults are bivoltine and are on wing from May to June and again in August.[4]

Egg

The egg is laid on the underside of a leaf in June or August, usually near the midrib.[5][6]

Stigmella plagicolella mine in Prunus spinosa Craig Tremeirchion, North Wales
Larva

The larvae are pale, whitish yellow with a reddish brown head. They mine the leaves of their host plant, initially in a slender corridor with a wide uninterrupted frass line. After a moult this corridor abruptly widens into a blotch. Stigmella plagicolella feed on the following plants, apple (Malus domestica), apricot (Prunus armeniaca), wild cherry (Prunus avium), cherry plum (Prunus cerasifera), Prunus cerasifera var. pissardii, plum (Prunus domestica), Prunus domestica insititia, mahaleb cherry (Prunus mahaleb), Chinese plum (Prunus mume), blackthorn (Prunus spinosa), Klamath plum (Prunus subcordata) and flowering plum (Prunus triloba). They mine the leaves of their host plant. [5][7]

Pupation

Pupation takes place outside of the mine in a pale ochreous brown cocoon.[5]

Etymology

Stigmella hybnerella was described by the English entomologist, Henry Tibbats Stainton in 1854 from a type specimen found in England. The genus Stigmella – ″stigma″, refers to the conspicuous (or occasionally metallic) small dot or a brand fascia on the forewing of many of the Stigmella species, or possibly the small size of the moths. The species name plagicolella refers to plaga – flat, open ground and colo– to inhabit, on blackthorn, often occurring is such situations.[8]

References

  1. ^ "Stigmella plagicolella (Stainton, 1854)". Fauna Europaea. Retrieved 26 July 2023.
  2. ^ Meyrick, E., 1895 A Handbook of British Lepidoptera MacMillan, London
  3. ^ Zagulajev, A.K., 1987 Nepticulidae (Stigmellidae); in G.S. Medvedev (ed.): Keys to the insects of the europaean part of the USSR, Vol.IV: Lepidoptera, part 1 (english translation), Oxonian Press Pvt.Ltd., New Dehli, 1987
  4. ^ Kimber, Ian. "Stigmella plagicolella (Stainton, 1854)". UKmoths. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
  5. ^ a b c Emmet, A M (1983). Heath, John (ed.). Nepticulidae. In The Moths and Butterflies of Great Britain and Ireland. Colchester: Harley Books. pp. 226–228. ISBN 0-946589-15-1.
  6. ^ Emmet, A M (1988). A Field Guide to the smaller British Lepidoptera (Second ed.). London: British Entomological & Natural History Society. p. 24. ISBN 0-9502891-6-7.
  7. ^ Ellis, W M. "Stigmella plagicolella (Stainton, 1854) scrubland pigmy". Plant Parasites of Europe. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
  8. ^ Emmet, A Maitland (1991). The Scientific Names of the British Lepidoptera. Their history and meaning. Colchester: Harley Books. pp. 45 & 47. ISBN 0-946589-35-6.