en Sin Ton

Sin Ton
Sin Ton
Born	21 January 1322; Yeongsan-hyeon, Gyeongsang Province, Goryeo
Died	21 August 1371 (aged 48); Suju, Gyeonggi Province, Goryeo
Cause of death	Execution
Occupations	Buddhist monk; warrior; politician; writer; scholar;
Title	Marquis Jinpyeong
Children	1
Parents	Sin Won-gyeong (father); Lady Park (adoptive mother);
Family	Yeongsan Sin clan
Korean name
Hangul	신돈
Hanja	辛旽
Revised Romanization	Sin Don
McCune–Reischauer	Sin Ton
Courtesy name
Hangul	요공
Hanja	耀空
Revised Romanization	Yogong
McCune–Reischauer	Yokong
Dharma name
Hangul	편조
Hanja	遍照
Revised Romanization	Pyeonjo
McCune–Reischauer	P'yŏncho
Art name
Hangul	청한거사
Hanja	淸閑居士
Revised Romanization	Cheonghan Geosa
McCune–Reischauer	Ch'ŏnghan Kŏsa

Sin Ton (Korean: 신돈; 21 January 1322 – 21 August 1371)^[a] a Korean Buddhist monk and scholar during the Goryeo period. His Dharma name was P'yŏncho (편조) and he became a teacher and advisor of King Gongmin.

Biography

He was a Buddhist monk with the full confidence of King Gongmin, and who tried to reform the society of Goryeo. The king judged Sin Ton cleverness; in 1365, him gave him the art name Cheonghan Geosa (청한거사; 淸閑居士) and the noble title of Marquis Jinpyeong (진평후; 真平侯).

Sin Ton appointed a group of new high-level officials from the Sinjin faction of the scholar-officials and drove out some people who had acquired too much power. He also promoted the setting up of the Jeonmin Byeonjeong Dogam (전민변정도감; 田民辨整都監), a government office to reform the land in 1366; thus, he was met with the opposition of the powerful old aristocratic families. While surrounded by flatterers, he didn't have any supporters. Finally, King Gongmin executed Sin Ton in 1371.^{[citation needed]}

Criticism

King Gongmin's attempt to regain the leadership of the state through the introduction of Sin Ton had achieved some success. However, for this purpose, King Gongmin had almost entrusted Sin Ton with full authority, and had to face criticism for allowing Sin Ton to be an equal to the monarch.^[1]