The Shvetsov M-11 was designed under a 1923 competition in the Soviet Union for a new engine to power trainer aircraft. It is a single-row five-cylinder air-cooled radialpiston engine with aluminum cylinder heads. Like the American Kinner B-5 5-cylinder radial of similar size, the M-11 had individual camshafts for each cylinder, operating the pushrods, rather than a single central cam ring. The initial versions of the M-11 suffered from a short service life of only 50 hours. The basic M-11 engine had a power output of 100 hp (73 kW), the newer M-11D variant was higher at 125 hp (92 kW). The ultimate version, M-11FR, introduced in 1946, increased power output to 160 hp at 1,900 rpm on takeoff and 140 hp at cruise and had provisions for a variable-pitch propeller, accessory drive (for vacuum pumps, compressors, generators, etc.) and featured a floatless carburetor.
M-11Ya:A projected development of the M-11 at GAZ-41. The prototype was run but results were unsatisfactory, re-designated M-12
M-11Ye
Developed by Okromechko 110 kW (150 hp)
Further developments
3M-11
An alternative designation for the M-50 three cylinder derivative of the M-11
M-12
A 190 hp (140 kW) development of the M-11 by M.A. Kossov, un-related to the NAMI-100, which had been earlier designated M-12.
M-12 (M-11Ya)
A projected development of the M-11 at GAZ-41. The prototype was run but results were unsatisfactory, re-designated from M-11Ya
M-13 (M-13K)
A 1944 development by M.A. Kossov to be assembled from various M-11 variants
M-13
In parallel with the M-13K, E.V. Urmin at GAZ-41 mated cylinders from the M-11D with new crankshaft and crankcase
M-13
A later M-13 was created by I.A. Muzhilov at OKB-41 in 1946. Despite passing state acceptance test in June 1948, this engine was not put into production.
Development of the M-51 at the NIIGVF (Nauchno-Issledovatel'skiy Institut Grazdahnskovo Vozdooshnovo Flota - civil air fleet scientific test institute) by M.A. Kossov. 110 kW (150 hp) / 130 kW (180 hp)
A projected 18 cylinder, two-row radial derived from M-11 components by M.A. Kossov. 600 kW (800 hp) / 630 kW (850 hp)
Applications
The M-11 powered a number of Soviet, Bulgarian and Polish aircraft. The M-11 remained in production until 1952 with an estimated total of over 100,000 engines made. Several hundreds of M-11D and M-11FR-1 variants were manufactured under license in the Polish WSK-Kalisz works in Kalisz. It was also used for the up-engined GAZ-98Kaerosani winter-used sled in a pusher configuration, and as the standard powerplant for the similar NKL-26 propeller-driven sledges during the World War II years.
