Scolia (wasp)

Scolia
Scolia hirta
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Hymenoptera
Family:	Scoliidae
Tribe:	Scoliini
Genus:	Scolia Fabricius, 1775
Type species
Scolia sexmaculata (Müller, 1766)

Scolia is a genus of scoliid wasps in the subfamily Scoliinae. There are over 200 described species in Scolia.[1]

Taxonomy and phylogeny

Scolia was described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1775. This genus is classified under the tribe Scoliini of the subfamily Scoliinae within the family Scoliidae.[2] Scolia is itself divided into three subgenera, Scolia (Scolia), and Scolia (Discolia), and Scolia (Hesperoscolia).[3] Males of the subgenus Scolia (Scolia) have dense, silky setae on the volsella, while those of the subgenus Scolia (Discolia) lack dense setae on the volsella.[2]

Description and identification

Scolia are small to medium wasps between 5–25 millimetres (0.20–0.98 in).[2] The forewing has a single recurrent vein and two submarginal cells.[4] The species are usually black with variable yellow or red markings. The majority of setae are usually black or white but may also be mixed with red or yellow.[2]

Distribution

Scolia is a cosmopolitan genus. 40 species are known from India alone.[2] Another 50 species are known from the Palearctic.[1] 20 more species are known from the Americas.[5]

Species

These species belong to the genus Scolia:[6]

• Scolia affinis Guérin-Méneville, 1830
• Scolia anatoliae Osten, 2004
• Scolia asiella Betrem, 1935
• Scolia bicincta Fabricius, 1775 – double-banded scoliid
• Scolia binotata Fabricius 1804
• Scolia bnun Tsuneki, 1972
• Scolia carbonaria (Linnaeus, 1767)
• Scolia clypeata Sickmann 1894
• Scolia consors (Saussure, 1863)
• Scolia cypria Saussure, 1854
• Scolia dubia (Say, 1837) – two-spotted scoliid wasp, blue-winged scoliid wasp
• Scolia ebenina Saussure, 1858
• Scolia erythrocephala Fabricius, 1798
• Scolia erythropyga Burmeister, 1853
• Scolia fallax Eversmann, 1849
• Scolia fasciatopunctata Guerin 1838
• Scolia flaviceps Eversmann, 1846
• Scolia fuciformis Scopoli, 1786
• Scolia galbula (Pallas, 1771)
• Scolia guttata (Burmeister, 1853)
• Scolia hirta (Schrank, 1781)
• Scolia histrionica (Fabricius 1787)
• Scolia hortorum Fabricius, 1787
• Scolia kuroiwae Matsumura & Uchida 1926
• Scolia mexicana (Saussure, 1858)
• Scolia nigrita Fabricius
• Scolia nobilis Saussure 1858
• Scolia nobilitata (Fabricius, 1805) – noble scoliid wasp
• Scolia oculata Matsumura 1911 – yellow-banded scoliid wasp
• Scolia orientalis Saussure, 1856
• Scolia picteti Saussure 1854
• Scolia rufiventris (Fabricius 1804)
• Scolia rugifrons Betrem 1928
• Scolia semitacta Bradley, 1959
• Scolia sexmaculata (O. F. Müller, 1766)
• Scolia sinensis Saussure 1864
• Scolia superciliaris Saussure 1864
• Scolia turkestanica Betrem 1935
• Scolia verticalis (Fabricius, 1775)– yellow-headed flower wasp, yellow-headed scoliid wasp
• Scolia vollenhoveni Saussure 1859
• Scolia wahlbergii Saussure, 1859
• Scolia watanabei Matsumura 1912
• † Scolia distincta Zhang, 1989
• † Scolia saussureana Heer, 1865

Gallery

• 
  S. affinis in Kerala, India.
• 
  S anatoliae in Turkey.
• 
  S. bicincta female in North Carolina.
• 
  S. bilunata in Kerala, India.
• 
  S. carbonaria collected in Algeria.
• 
  S. chrysotricha in South Africa.
• 
  S. cyanipennis in Kerala, India.
• 
  S. dubia dubia in Maryland.
• 
  S. dubia haematodes in Texas.
• 
  S. fallax in Ukraine.
• 
  S. fasciatopunctata in India.
• 
  S. fuciformis in Ukraine.
• 
  S. hirta in Italy.
• 
  S. hortorum in Spain.
• 
  S. nobilitata notilitata in Virginia.
• 
  S. nobilitata otomita in Arizona.
• 
  S. nobilitata tricincta male in Colorado.
• 
  S. ocula in Japan.
• 
  S. pictei in India.
• 
  s. rufiventris in Argentina.
• 
  S. sexmaculata in Poland.
• 
  S. verticalis in Australia.
• 
  S. wahlbergii in South Africa.

References

1. Mokrousov, M.V.; Lelej, A.S. (2017). "62. Family Scoliidae". In Belokobylskij, S.A.; Lelej, A.S. (eds.). Annotated Catalogue of the Hymenoptera of Russia. Vol. 1. Symphyta and Apocrita: Aculeata. Saint Petersburg: Zoological Institute RAS. pp. 147–148. ISBN 978-5-98092-062-3.
2. Gupta, S.K.; Jonathan, J.K. (2003). Fauna of India and the Adjacent Countries, Hymenoptera: Scoliidae. Kolkata, India: Zoological Survey of India. pp. 151–152. ISBN 81-8171-009-6.
3. Golfetti, Ivan Fernande (2019). Análise Filogenética de Scolia Fabricius (Hymenoptera, Scoliidae, Scoliinae) (MSc thesis) (in Portuguese). São Paulo State University. pp. 1–69. Retrieved 2023-07-17.
4. Augul, Razzaq Shalan (2016). "Taxonomic study of the family Scoliidae (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) in Iraq". Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences. 8 (2): 124–138. Retrieved 2023-07-17.
5. Añino, Yostin J.; Cambra, Roberto A.; Windsow, Donald M.; Zuñiga, Ronald; Quintero, Diomedes (2019). "Review of Scolia (Hymenoptera: Scoliidae) from Central America, including seasonal flight activity in Scolia guttata". Acta Biológica Colombiana. 25 (2): 202–209. doi:10.15446/abc.v25n2.77590.
6. Osten, T. (2005). "Checkliste der Dolchwespen der Welt (Insecta: Hymenoptera, Scoliidae). Teil 1: Proscoliinae und Scoliinae: Campsomerini. Teil 2: Scoliinae: Scoliini. Teil 3: Literatur" [Checklist of the Scoliidae of the World. Part 1: Proscoliinae and Scoliinae: Campsomerini. Part 2: Scoliinae: Scoliini. Part 3: Literature] (PDF). Bericht der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft Augsburg (in German). 62 (220–221): 1–62. Retrieved 2014-06-24.