Genus of shrubs and trees
Schinus molle
Schinus is a genus of flowering trees and tall shrubs in the sumac family, Anacardiaceae . Members of the genus are commonly known as pepper trees . The Peruvian pepper tree (Schinus molle )[ 5] is the source of the spice known as pink peppercorn .[ 6]
The species of Schinus are native to South America, ranging from Peru and northeastern Brazil to southern South America.[ 4] Some species (e.g. Schinus terebinthifolia ) have become an invasive species outside their natural habitats. Schinus polygama , although less well known, is also potentially weedy in mesic areas.
Etymology
The generic name is derived from the Greek word for Pistacia lentiscus , Σχίνος (schinos ), which it resembles.[ 7] Considerable historic confusion has existed as to the correct gender of the genus name; as of 2015, this has been resolved with the determination that the correct gender of Schinus is feminine (rather than masculine), and adjectival names within the genus must be spelled accordingly.[ 8]
Species
34 species are currently accepted:[ 4]
Schinus areira L. – Peru , Bolivia , northern Chile
Schinus bumelioides I.M.Johnst. – northern Argentina
Schinus engleri F.A.Barkley – Argentina , Brazil , and Uruguay
Schinus fasciculata (Griseb.) I.M.Johnst. – Bolivia, Paraguay, and northern Argentina
Schinus ferox Hassl. – southern Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, northern Argentina (Misiones Province)
Schinus gracilipes I.M.Johnst. – northwestern Argentina
Schinus johnstonii F.A.Barkley – Argentina and Uruguay
Schinus kauselii F.A.Barkley – central Chile
Schinus latifolia (Gillies ex Lindl.) Engl. – central Chile
Schinus lentiscifolia Marchand – southern Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, northern Argentina (Misiones Province)
Schinus longifolia (Lindl.) Speg. – west-central and southern Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, nand northern Argentina
Schinus marchandii F.A.Barkley – southern Chile and southern Argentina
Schinus meyeri F.A.Barkley – Bolivia and northwestern Argentina (Salta Province)
Schinus microphylla I.M.Johnst. – Peru and Bolivia
Schinus molle L. Peruvian pepper tree
Schinus molle var. molle (=S. bituminosa, S. occidentalis ) – Peru and northern Chile; southern Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, and northeastern Argentina
Schinus molle var. rusbyi (L.) DC. – southern Peru and northern Chile
Schinus montana Engl. – central Chile
Schinus myrtifolia (Griseb.) Cabrera – Bolivia and northwestern Argentina
Schinus odonellii F.A.Barkley – southern Chile and western Argentina
Schinus pampeana Bordignon & Vog.Ely – southern Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)
Schinus patagonica (Phil.) I.M.Johnst. ex Cabrera – central and southern Chile and western Argentina
Schinus pearcei Engler – Bolivia , northern Chile , and Peru
Schinus pilifera I.M.Johnst. – Bolivia and northern Argentina
Schinus polygama (Cav.) Cabrera (=S. dentata , S. dependens ) – Chile and northwestern Argentina (Mendoza)
Schinus praecox (Griseb.) Speg. – north-central Argentina
Schinus ramboi F.A.Barkley – southern and southeastern Brazil
Schinus roigii Ruíz Leal & Cabrera – western Argentina
Schinus sinuata (Griseb.) Engl. – northeastern Argentina
Schinus spinosa Engl. – Brazil (Paraná state)
Schinus talampaya Fabbroni & M.A.Zapater – northwestern Argentina (San Juan and La Rioja)
Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi Brazilian pepper tree – northeastern to southeastern Brazil, northeastern Argentina, and Paraguay
Schinus terebinthifolia var. acutifolia Engl.
Schinus terebinthifolia var. terebinthifolia (=S. aroiera, S. chichita, S. mellisii, S, mucronulata, S. rhoifolia )
Schinus uruguayensis (F.A.Barkley) Silva-Luz – southern Brazil, Uruguay, and northeastern Argentina
Schinus velutina (Turcz.) I.M.Johnst. – central Chile
Schinus venturii F.A.Barkley – southern Bolivia to northwestern Argentina (Salta)
Schinus weinmanniifolia Mart. ex Engl. [ 9] – south-central to eastern and southern Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, and northeastern Argentina
References
^ "Genus: Schinus L." Germplasm Resources Information Network . United States Department of Agriculture. 2009-11-23. Retrieved 2011-02-22 .
^ Linnaeus, C. (1753), Species Plantarum 1: 388
^ "Schinus L." TROPICOS . Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved 2010-02-09 .
^ a b c Schinus L. Plants of the World Online . Retrieved 23 April 2023.
^ Seidemann, Johannes (2005). World spice plants . Springer. p. 337. ISBN 978-3-540-22279-8 .
^ Allen, Gary (2007). The Herbalist in the Kitchen . University of Illinois Press. pp. 26–27. ISBN 978-0-252-03162-5 .
^ Quattrocchi, Umberto (2000). CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names: Common Names, Scientific Names, Eponyms, Synonyms, and Etymology . Vol. IV R-Z. Taylor & Francis US. p. 2405. ISBN 978-0-8493-2678-3 .
^ Zona, S. (2015). The correct gender of Schinus (Anacardiaceae). Phytotaxa, 222(1), 75–77. doi:https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.222.1.9
^ a b "GRIN Species Records of Schinus " . Germplasm Resources Information Network . United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2015-07-22 .
External links
Media related to Schinus at Wikimedia Commons