Sarah Lennox, Duchess of Richmond

Her Grace
The Duchess of Richmond
The Duke and the Duchess of Richmond, by Jonathan Richardson. This portrait was made at the request of the Duke's grandmother Louise de Kérouaille, who wanted a portrait of her grandson and his wife.
Born18 September 1705
Died25 August 1751(1751-08-25) (aged 45)
Spouse
​
​
(m. 1719; died 1750)​
Children
Parents

Sarah Lennox, Duchess of Richmond (née Cadogan; 18 September 1705 – 25 August 1751), was Lady of the Bedchamber to Queen Caroline from 1724 to 1737. She was the mother of the famous Lennox sisters.

Early life

She was born Sarah Cadogan at The Hague, the eldest daughter of William Cadogan (from 1716 1st Baron Cadogan of Reading and from 1722 1st Earl Cadogan) and his wife, Margaretta Cecilia Munter.[1] She was brought up in a convent and at the age of fourteen was married, on 4 December 1719, to Charles Lennox, Earl of March, at The Hague. The marriage was arranged by both fathers in order to cancel a gambling debt incurred by Lord Cadogan; after the marriage the Earl of March, aged eighteen, embarked on his Grand Tour.[2] On his return in 1722, the earl was reluctant to meet Sarah; he went to the theatre, glimpsed a young woman and asked who she was. "You must be a stranger in London not to know the toast of the town, the beautiful Lady March", was the reply.[3] In 1723, Charles succeeded to his father's title of Duke of Richmond, whereupon Sarah became Duchess of Richmond. They had a well-publicised happy and companionable marriage.

Courtier and philanthropist

Sarah was appointed a Lady of the Bedchamber to Caroline of Ansbach when Princess of Wales, and remained in the post when Caroline became queen consort in 1727.[4] She received a salary of £500 per year but, despite the fact that the post represented the highest possible position at court, she would have carried out mundane duties, including ordering meals and clothes and dispatching servants to run errands.[3]

Sarah was one of the twenty-one "ladies of quality and distinction" who signed Thomas Coram's first petition, presented to George II in 1735, calling for the foundation of the Foundling Hospital. She signed the petition on 22 December 1729[1] and was the first Lady of the Bedchamber to the Queen recruited by Coram.[5] Her husband signed the Royal Charter in 1739.[1]

Collecting

In the 1730s and 1740s, Sarah and her daughters were enthusiastic collectors of shells brought by naval captains returning to Portsmouth. They arranged the shells into elaborate patterns that were incorporated into a grotto in the park of the family's home in Sussex, Goodwood House.[3]

Family

Sarah had twenty-three pregnancies but gave birth to only twelve children:

Only half of the children lived to adulthood.

In 1999, a six-part BBC miniseries based on the lives of her daughters aired in the U.K. It was called Aristocrats and the Duchess was played by Diane Fletcher.

References

  1. ^ a b c Ladies of Quality and Distinction exhibition programme, edited by K. Palmer, The Founding Museum, London, 2018.
  2. ^ Tillyard, Stella (1995). Aristocrats: Caroline, Emily, Louisa and Sarah Lennox 1740 – 1832. Great Britain: Vintage. p. 10. ISBN 978-0099477112.
  3. ^ a b c K., Tillyard, S. (1995). Aristocrats : Caroline, Emily, Louisa and Sarah Lennox, 1740-1832. London: Vintage. pp. 10–11, 13, 16. ISBN 0099477114. OCLC 32394110.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  4. ^ MATTHEW., DENNISON (2017). FIRST IRON LADY. [S.l.]: WILLIAM COLLINS. ISBN 978-0008121990. OCLC 972394582.
  5. ^ Gillian., Wagner (2004). Thomas Coram, Gent., 1668-1751. Woodbridge, Suffolk: The Boydell Press. p. 89. ISBN 1843830574. OCLC 53361054.