Saint-François River

For the river forming part of the Canada-U.S. border, see St. Francis River (Maine). See also St. Francis River (disambiguation).
Saint-François River
Rivière Saint-François (fr)
A tree on the banks of the
Saint-François River in Drummondville
Map of the Saint-François River watershed
Native nameAlsigôntekw (Western Abnaki)[1]
Location
CountryCanada
ProvinceQuebec
RegionEstrie, Chaudière-Appalaches, Centre-du-Québec
CitiesSherbrooke, Drummondville
Physical characteristics
SourceLac Saint-François
 • locationLambton,
Estrie,
Quebec, Canada
 • coordinates45°53′55″N 71°09′28″W / 45.89861°N 71.15778°W / 45.89861; -71.15778
 • elevation289 m (948 ft)
Mouth 
 • location
Pierreville,
Centre-du-Québec,
Quebec, Canada
 • coordinates
46°07′09″N 72°55′28″W / 46.11917°N 72.92444°W / 46.11917; -72.92444
Length218 km (135 mi)
Basin size10,230 km2 (3,950 sq mi)
Discharge 
 • locationLac Saint-Pierre
Discharge 
 • locationDrummondville
 • average190 m3/s (6,700 cu ft/s)
Basin features
Tributaries 
 • leftMagog River

The Saint-François River (French: Rivière Saint-François, pronounced [ʁivjɛʁ sɛ̃ fʁɑ̃swa]) is a right tributary of the St. Lawrence River in Quebec, Canada.

Its source is Lake Saint-François in Chaudière-Appalaches, southeast of Thetford Mines. It flows southwest towards Sherbrooke, where it changes course northwest towards Drummondville, and finally empties into the Saint Lawrence River near Pierreville. Its total length is 135 miles.

Etymology

The river is named after Saint Francis Xavier (1506–1552) by the Jesuits, who explored the region under the French regime, and after François de Lauzon.[2]

Geography

Its course is also unusual, as it flows from northeast to southwest to branch off, halfway through, and continue its course from southeast to northwest.

The Saint-François River has its origins in the lake Saint-François and heads southwest towards Sherbrooke. Along the way, it crosses the lakes Lake Aylmer and Lake Louise as well as many municipalities.

Rivière Saint-François at Dudswell, QC

In Sherbrooke, it receives the waters of the Massawippi River basin and the Magog River basin. It continues north-west, passing through the municipalities of Windsor, Richmond, Drummondville and from there outflows into the Saint Lawrence River at lake Saint-Pierre.

History

Map 1756 Blanchard & Langdon 1m
The Saint-François river at Sherbrooke in the 1950s

The river has long been traveled by Native Americans; particularly the Abenakis. The Indian Reservation of Odanak, which today has a population of about 400, has existed since 1670. The Fort Crevier was also built in 1687 by the river. A temporary Jesuit mission was established at Coös for the Abenaki living in the Connecticut River valley or near the Kennebec River. When the Abenaki mission Saint-François-de-Sales located on the Chaudière River moved to Odanak, the village took the latter's name, "Saint-François”. Odanak is located on the banks of the Saint-François River, about 10 kilometers east of lake Saint-Pierre. In 1805, an 8,000 acre reserve (32.4 kilometres (20.13 mi)) was granted for Indian refugees in Durham Township, near the present village of L'Avenir, as well as 2,722 acres (1,102 ha) (11 kilometres (6.84 mi)) in 1853 on the shore of Petit Lac Saint-François in the township of Coleraine.[3]

References

  1. ^ "Fiche descriptive - Rivière Saint-François". Commission de toponymie. Retrieved 30 September 2021..
  2. ^ François de Lauzon (1635-1647 or 1648), son of Jean de Lauzon
  3. ^ "Rivière Saint-François". Commission de Toponymie. 14 November 2008. Retrieved 5 November 2011.

Appendices