Tribe of mammals
Rattini is a very large, diverse tribe of muroid rodents in the subfamily Murinae . They are found throughout Asia and Australasia , with a few species ranging into Europe and northern Africa . The most well-known members of this group are the true rats (genus Rattus ), several species of which have been introduced worldwide.
Taxonomy
They are thought to be the second-most basal member of the Murinae despite their high modern diversity, with only the Phloeomyini being more basal than them.[ 1] [ 2]
The genus Micromys was previously classified in a polyphyletic division also containing Hapalomys , Chiropodomys , and Vandeleuria , but phylogenetic evidence supports it forming a sister group to the rest of the Rattini. It has been debated over whether it represents its own tribe (Micromyini) or a basal member of the Rattini, but the American Society of Mammalogists classifies it within the Rattini based on a 2019 study.[ 1] [ 2] [ 3]
Distribution
They are mostly found throughout Asia , primarily in the tropics and subtropics, but with a few genera such as Rattus , Micromys (if considered a part of Rattini) and Nesokia ranging north to temperate regions or west to arid regions. In addition, many species in the genus Rattus are found throughout New Guinea and Australia , making them the only native rodents to the region outside of the Hydromyini . Only one species (Micromys minutus , if included) ranges throughout Europe, and another (Nesokia indica ) ranges into northern Egypt .[ 4] Several Rattus species have also been introduced worldwide, and in some cases have become invasive species that have led to the extinction of many animals and plants.[ 5]
Within Asia, the Rattini reach their highest diversity in the tropics of Southeast Asia , especially in the Philippines and the Indonesian island of Sulawesi .
Species
Species in the tribe include:[ 1] [ 3] [ 4]
Berylmys division
Bunomys division
Dacnomys division
Genus Chiromyscus (Fea's tree rat)
Genus Dacnomys (Large-toothed giant rat)
Genus Lenothrix (Grey Tree Rat)
Genus Leopoldamys - long-tailed giant rats
Genus Margaretamys - margareta rats
Genus Niviventer - white-bellied rats
Anderson's white-bellied rat , Niviventer andersoni
Brahma white-bellied rat , Niviventer brahma
Cameron Highlands white-bellied rat , Niviventer cameroni
Chinese white-bellied rat , Niviventer confucianus
Coxing's white-bellied rat , Niviventer coninga
Dark-tailed tree rat , Niviventer cremoriventer
Oldfield white-bellied rat , Niviventer culturatus
Smoke-bellied rat , Niviventer eha
Large white-bellied rat , Niviventer excelsior
Montane Sumatran white-bellied rat , Niviventer fraternus
Chestnut white-bellied rat , Niviventer fulvescens
Limestone rat , Niviventer hinpoon
Lang Bian white-bellied rat , Niviventer langbianis
Narrow-tailed white-bellied rat , Niviventer lepturus
Hainan white-bellied rat , Niviventer lotipes (formerly in N. tenaster )
White-bellied rat , Niviventer niviventer
Long-tailed mountain rat , Niviventer rapit
Tenasserim white-bellied rat , Niviventer tenaster
Genus Saxatilomys
Genus Tonkinomys
Echiothrix division
Maxomys division
Genus Crunomys - Philippine and Sulawesian shrew rats
Genus Maxomys (rajah rats)
Mountain spiny rat , Maxomys alticola
Maxomys baeodon
Bartels's spiny rat , Maxomys bartelsii
Dollman's spiny rat , Maxomys dollmani
Hellwald's spiny rat , Maxomys hellwaldii
Sumatran spiny rat , Maxomys hylomyoides
Malayan mountain spiny rat , Maxomys inas
Fat-nosed spiny rat , Maxomys inflatus
Mo's spiny rat , Maxomys moi
Musschenbroek's spiny rat , Maxomys musschenbroekii
Chestnut-bellied spiny rat , Maxomys ochraceiventer
Pagai spiny rat , Maxomys pagensis
Palawan spiny rat , Maxomys panglima
Rajah spiny rat , Maxomys rajah
Red spiny rat , Maxomys surifer
Watts's spiny rat , Maxomys wattsi
Whitehead's spiny rat , Maxomys whiteheadi
Micromys division (alternately considered a distinct tribe, Micromyini)
Rattus division
Genus Abditomys
Genus Baletemys
Genus Bandicota - bandicoot rats
Genus Diplothrix
Genus Kadarsanomys
Genus Limnomys
Genus Nesokia (Short-tailed Bandicoot Rat)
Genus Nesoromys
Genus Palawanomys (Palawan rat)
Genus Rattus - typical rats
incertae sedis
Enggano rat , Rattus enganus
Philippine forest rat , Rattus everetti
Polynesian rat , Rattus exulans
Hainald's rat , Rattus hainaldi
Hoogerwerf's rat , Rattus hoogerwerfi
Korinch's rat , Rattus korinchi
† Maclear's rat , Rattus macleari
Nillu rat , Rattus montanus
Molaccan prehensile-tailed rat , Rattus morotaiensis
† Bulldog rat , Rattus nativitatis
Kerala rat , Rattus ranjiniae
New Ireland forest rat , Rattus sanila
Andaman rat , Rattus stoicus
R. norvegicus group
R. rattus group
Sunburned rat , Rattus adustus
Sikkim rat , Rattus andamanensis
Ricefield rat , Rattus argentiventer
Summit rat , Rattus baluensis
Aceh rat , Rattus blangorum
Nonsense rat , Rattus burrus
Hoffmann's rat , Rattus hoffmanni
Koopman's rat , Rattus koopmani
Lesser ricefield rat , Rattus losea
Mentawai rat , Rattus lugens
Mindoro black rat , Rattus mindorensis
Little soft-furred rat , Rattus mollicomulus
Osgood's rat , Rattus osgoodi
Palm rat , Rattus palmarum
Black rat , Rattus rattus
Little Indochinese field rat , Rattus sakeratensis
Sahyadris forest rat , Rattus satarae
Simalur rat , Rattus simalurensis
Tanezumi rat , Rattus tanezumi
Tawitawi forest rat , Rattus tawitawiensis
Malayan field rat , Rattus tiomanicus
R. xanthurus group
R. leucopus group (New Guinean group)
Vogelkop mountain rat , Rattus arfakiensis
Western New Guinea mountain rat , Rattus arrogans
Manus Island spiny rat , Rattus detentus
Sula rat , Rattus elaphinus
Spiny Ceram rat , Rattus feliceus
Giluwe rat , Rattus giluwensis
Japen rat , Rattus jobiensis
Cape York rat , Rattus leucopus
Eastern rat , Rattus mordax
Gag Island rat , Rattus nikenii
Moss-forest rat , Rattus niobe
New Guinean rat , Rattus novaeguineae
Arianus's rat , Rattus omichlodes
Pocock’s highland rat , Rattus pococki
Large New Guinea spiny rat , Rattus praetor
Glacier rat , Rattus richardsoni
Stein's rat , Rattus steini
Van Deusen's rat , Rattus vandeuseni
Slender rat , Rattus verecundus
R. fuscipes group (Australian group)
Genus Tarsomys
Genus Tryphomys (Mearn's Luzon Rat)
Srilankamys division
Unknown division
References
^ a b c Pagès, Marie; Fabre, Pierre-Henri; Chaval, Yannick; Mortelliti, Alessio; Nicolas, Violaine; Wells, Konstans; Michaux, Johan R.; Lazzari, Vincent (2016). "Molecular phylogeny of South-East Asian arboreal murine rodents" . Zoologica Scripta . 45 (4): 349–364. doi :10.1111/zsc.12161 . hdl :10072/101842 . ISSN 1463-6409 . S2CID 86285898 .
^ a b Rowe, Kevin C.; Reno, Michael L.; Richmond, Daniel M.; Adkins, Ronald M.; Steppan, Scott J. (April 2008). "Pliocene colonization and adaptive radiations in Australia and New Guinea (Sahul): Multilocus systematics of the old endemic rodents (Muroidea: Murinae)" . Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution . 47 (1): 84–101. doi :10.1016/j.ympev.2008.01.001 . ISSN 1055-7903 . PMID 18313945 .
^ a b Rowe, Kevin C.; Achmadi, Anang S.; Fabre, Pierre-Henri; Schenk, John J.; Steppan, Scott J.; Esselstyn, Jacob A. (2019). "Oceanic islands of Wallacea as a source for dispersal and diversification of murine rodents" . Journal of Biogeography . 46 (12): 2752–2768. doi :10.1111/jbi.13720 . ISSN 1365-2699 . S2CID 208583483 .
^ a b Database, Mammal Diversity (2021-11-06), Mammal Diversity Database , doi :10.5281/zenodo.5651212 , retrieved 2021-12-11
^ Harper, Grant A.; Bunbury, Nancy (2015-01-01). "Invasive rats on tropical islands: Their population biology and impacts on native species" . Global Ecology and Conservation . 3 : 607–627. doi :10.1016/j.gecco.2015.02.010 . ISSN 2351-9894 .