Rapira

Rapira is also a name for the Soviet 100 mm anti-tank gun T-12

Rapira
Part of a Rapira program.
Paradigmsprocedural, structured
Designed byAndrey Ershov
First appeared1982; 42 years ago (1982)
Typing disciplinedynamic
ScopeLexical (static)
PlatformAgat, PDP-11 (clones: Electronika, DVK series); Intel 8080, Zilog Z80
Influenced by
ALGOL, POP-2, SETL

Rapira (Russian: Рапира, rapier) is an educational procedural programming language developed in the Soviet Union and implemented on the Agat computer, PDP-11 clones (Electronika, DVK, BK series), and Intel 8080 and Zilog Z80 clones (Korvet). It is interpreted with a dynamic type system and high level constructions. The language originally had a Russian-based set of reserved words (keywords), but English and Romanian were added later. It was considered more elegant and easier to use than Pascal implementations of the time.[according to whom?]

Rapira was used to teach computer programming in Soviet schools. The integrated development environment included a text editor and a debugger.

Sample program: 

ПРОЦ СТАРТ()
    ВЫВОД: 'Привет, мир!!!'
КОН ПРОЦ

The same, but using the English lexics [sic, from the article referenced below]: 

proc start()
     output: 'Hello, world!!!';
end proc

Rapira's ideology was based on languages such as POP-2 and SETL, with strong influences from ALGOL.

Consequently, for example, Rapira implements a very strong, flexible, and interesting data structure, named a tuple. in Rapira, these are heterogeneous lists with allowed operations such as indexing, joining, length count, getting of sublist, easy comparison, etc.

References