In 2001, Bhattacharjee won the Singur constituency for All India Trinamool Congress.[3] He was instrumental in mobilizing land acquisition of a proposed Tata Nano factory in Singur.[4] This was one of the causes which led to the defeat of the longest-serving democratically elected Communist government in the world, ending the 34-year rule of the Left Front government, a fact that was noted by the international media.[5] He played a crucial role in the 2007 anti-land acquisition movement launched by Mamata Banerjee.[6][7][8]
From May 2011 to November 2012, he was Minister for Agriculture in Mamata Banerjee ministry and was Minister for Statistics & Programme Implementation November 2012 to May 2016.[9]