Pyrrhulina

Pyrrhulina
Pyrrhulina sp.
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Characiformes
Family:	Lebiasinidae
Subfamily:	Pyrrhulininae
Genus:	Pyrrhulina Valenciennes, 1846
Type species
Pyrrhulina filamentosa Valenciennes, 1847
Species
See text

Pyrrhulina is a genus of freshwater fishes found in tropical South America. Several of these species are popular aquarium fish.[1]

Pyrrhulina is closely related to Copeina and Copella, although it is distinguished from the former by having only one row of teeth (Copeina spp. have two). When the genus Copella was established, many species were removed from the genus Pyrrhulina and placed there, because differences in the maxillary bones in the males had been detected. Copella species are slimmer and more elongated than those species that remained in the genus Pyrrhulina.

Species

The 19 currently recognized species in this genus are:[2][3][4]

• Pyrrhulina australis C. H. Eigenmann & C. H. Kennedy, 1903
• Pyrrhulina beni N. E. Pearson, 1924
• Pyrrhulina brevis Steindachner, 1876
• Pyrrhulina capim Vieira & Netto-Ferreira, 2019
• Pyrrhulina eleanorae Fowler, 1940
• Pyrrhulina elongata Zarske & Géry, 2001
• Pyrrhulina filamentosa Valenciennes, 1847
• Pyrrhulina laeta (Cope, 1872) (halfbanded pyrrhulina)
• Pyrrhulina lugubris C. H. Eigenmann, 1922
• Pyrrhulina marilynae Netto-Ferreira & Marinho, 2013[3]
• Pyrrhulina maxima C. H. Eigenmann & R. S. Eigenmann, 1889
• Pyrrhulina melanostoma (Cope, 1870) (blackmouth pyrrhulina)
• Pyrrhulina obermulleri G. S. Myers, 1926
• Pyrrhulina rachoviana G. S. Myers, 1926 (fanning pyrrhulina)
• Pyrrhulina semifasciata Steindachner, 1876
• Pyrrhulina spilota S. H. Weitzman, 1960
• Pyrrhulina stoli Boeseman, 1953
• Pyrrhulina vittata Regan, 1912 (banded pyrrhulina)
• Pyrrhulina zigzag Zarske & Géry, 1997

Classification / Names

Actinopteri (ray-finned fishes) > Characiformes (Characins) > Lebiasinidae (Pencilfishes) > Pyrrhulininae Etymology: Pyrrhulina: Greek, pyrrhos = red, with the colour of the fire (Ref. 45335). More on authors: Eigenmann & Kennedy.[5]

Environment

Freshwater; benthopelagic. Tropical [6]

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm 2.2 Max length : 5.0 cm SL male/unsexed. [7]

References

1. Günther Sterba, ed. (1983). "Pyrrhulina". The Aquarist's Encyclopaedia. Edition Leipzig.
2. Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Pyrrhulina". FishBase. April 2013 version.
3. Netto-Ferreira, A.L. & Marinho, M.M.F. (2013): New species of Pyrrhulina (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Lebiasinidae) from the Brazilian Shield, with comments on a putative monophyletic group of species in the genus. Zootaxa, 3664 (3): 369–376.
4. Vieira, Lorena S.; Netto-Ferreira, André L. (2019-07-18). "New species of Pyrrhulina (Teleostei: Characiformes: Lebiasinidae) from the eastern Amazon, Pará, Brazil". Neotropical Ichthyology. 17: e190013. doi:10.1590/1982-0224-20190013. ISSN 1679-6225.
5. "Pyrrhulina australis". Fishbase.
6. "Pyrrhulina australis". Fishbase.
7. "Pyrrhulina australis".