Puya (plant)

Puya
Puya × berteroniana
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Bromeliaceae
Subfamily: Puyoideae
Givnish
Genus: Puya
Molina
Type species
Puya chilensis
Species

See text

Synonyms

Pourretia Ruiz & Pav. 1794

Puya is a genus of the botanical family Bromeliaceae. It is the sole genus of the subfamily Puyoideae, and is composed of 226 species.[1][2] These terrestrial plants are native to the Andes Mountains of South America and southern Central America. Many of the species are monocarpic, with the parent plant dying after one flower and seed production event.

The species Puya raimondii is notable as the largest species of bromeliad known, reaching 3 m tall in vegetative growth with a flower spike 9–10 m tall. The other species are also large, with the flower spikes mostly reaching 1–4 m tall.

The name Puya was derived from the Mapuche Indian word meaning "point".

Taxonomy

The genus is commonly divided into two subgenera, Puya, containing eight species, and Puyopsis containing the remainder. The subgenera can be distinguished by the presence of a sterile inflorescence at the branch apex in Puya, which are fertile in Puyopsis.[3]

Species

As of January 2023, Plants of the World Online accepted the following species:[4]

Subgenus Image Scientific name Distribution
Puya Puya alpestris (Poepp.) Gay Chile
Puya × berteroniana Mez
(P. alpestris subsp. zoellneri × P. venusta)		 Chile
Puya boliviensis Baker Chile (Antofagasta)
Puya castellanosii L.B.Sm. Argentina (Salta)
Puya chilensis Molina Chile
Puya gilmartiniae G.S.Varad. & A.R.Flores Chile (Coquimbo)
Puya raimondii Harms Bolivia and Peru
Puya weddelliana (Baker) Mez Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Tarija)
Puyopsis (Baker) L.B. Sm. Puya adscendens L.B.Sm. Peru
Puya aequatorialis André Ecuador
Puya alata L.B.Sm. Bolivia
Puya alba L.B.Sm. Bolivia (Tarija)
Puya alpicola L.B.Sm. Colombia (Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta)
Puya angelensis E.Gross & Rauh Ecuador
Puya angulonis L.B.Sm. Peru
Puya angusta L.B.Sm. Peru
Puya antioquensis L.B.Sm. & Read Colombia (Antioquia)
Puya araneosa L.B.Sm. Peru.
Puya argentea L.B.Sm. Peru (Ancash)
Puya aristeguietae L.B.Sm. Venezuela
Puya assurgens L.B.Sm. Argentina (Jujuy)
Puya atra L.B.Sm. Bolivia (Cochabamba)
Puya barkleyana L.B.Sm. Colombia (Santander)
Puya bermejana S.E.Gómez, Slanis & A.Grau Bolivia (Tarija) to Argentina (NW. Salta)
Puya bicolor Mez Colombia
Puya boopiensis R.Vásquez, Ibisch & R.Lara Bolivia
Puya boyacana Cuatrec. Colombia (Boyacá
Puya brachystachya (Baker) Mez Colombia (Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta)
Puya brackeana Manzan. & W.Till Ecuador
Puya bravoi Aráoz & A.Grau Argentina (Salta)
Puya brittoniana Baker Bolivia (La Paz)
Puya cahuachensis A.Galán, J.Montoya, Vicente Orell. & E.Linares Peru
Puya cajasensis Manzan. & W.Till Ecuador
Puya cardenasii L.B.Sm. Bolivia (Cochabamba)
Puya cardonae L.B.Sm. Venezuela (Táchira)
Puya casmichensis L.B.Sm. Peru (La Libertad)
Puya cerrateana L.B.Sm. Peru
Puya claudiae Ibisch, R.Vásquez & E.Gross Bolivia
Puya clava-herculis Mez & Sodiro Colombia, Ecuador
Puya cleefii L.B.Sm. & Read Colombia
Puya cochabambensis R.Vásquez & Ibisch Bolivia
Puya coerulea Lindl. Chile
Puya colcaensis Treviño, Quip. & Gouda Peru
Puya commixta L.B.Sm. Peru (Puno)
Puya compacta L.B.Sm. Ecuador
Puya coriacea L.B.Sm. Peru (La Libertad)
Puya cristata L.B.Sm. Bolivia (Cochabamba)
Puya cryptantha Cuatrec. Colombia
Puya ctenorhyncha L.B.Sm. Bolivia (La Paz)
Puya cuatrecasasii L.B.Sm. Colombia
Puya cuevae Manzan. & W.Till Ecuador
Puya cylindrica Mez Peru
Puya dasylirioides Standl. Costa Rica
Puya densiflora Harms Peru
Puya depauperata L.B.Sm. Peru (Junín)
Puya dichroa L.B.Sm. & Read Colombia
Puya dodsonii Manzan. & W.Till Ecuador
Puya dolichostrobila Harms Peru (La Libertad)
Puya donneriana R.Vásquez, Altam. & Ibisch Bolivia
Puya dyckioides (Baker) Mez Argentina, Bolivia
Puya elviragrossiae R.Vásquez & Ibisch Bolivia
Puya entre-riosensis Ibisch & E.Gross Bolivia
Puya erlenbachiana Ibisch & R.Vásquez Bolivia (Tarija)
Puya eryngioides André Ecuador
Puya exigua Mez Ecuador (Azuay)
Puya exuta L.B.Sm. & Read Columbia
Puya fastuosa Mez Peru (Cajamarca)
Puya ferox Mez Peru (Puno)
Puya ferreyrae L.B.Sm. Peru (La Libertad)
Puya ferruginea (Ruiz & Pav.)L.B.Sm. Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru
Puya fiebrigii Mez Bolivia
Puya floccosa (Linden) É.Morren ex Mez Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Venezuela
Puya fosteriana L.B.Sm. Bolivia (La Paz)
Puya fulgens L.B.Sm. Peru (Amazonas)
Puya furfuracea (Willd.)L.B.Sm. Colombia (Valle del Cauca)
Puya gargantae L.B.Sm. Colombia (Norte de Santander)
Puya gerd-muelleri W.Weber Peru (Cajamarca)
Puya gerdae W.Weber Peru (Lima)
Puya gigas André Colombia
Puya glabrescens L.B.Sm. Bolivia (Cochabamba)
Puya glandulosa L.B.Sm. Peru (La Libertad)
Puya glareosa L.B.Sm. Bolivia (La Paz)
Puya glaucovirens Mez Peru
Puya glomerifera Mez & Sodiro Ecuador
Puya goudotiana Mez Colombia
Puya gracilis L.B.Sm. Peru
Puya grafii Rauh Venezuela (Amazonas)
Puya grandidens Mez Peru (Ancash)
Puya grantii L.B.Sm. Colombia
Puya grubbii L.B.Sm. Colombia (Boyacá)
Puya guaramacalana Stergios, Caracas, Dorr & S.M.Niño Venezuela (Trujillo)
Puya gutteana W.Weber Peru (Cusco)
Puya hamata L.B.Sm. Colombia, Ecuador, Peru
Puya harmsii (A.Cast.) A.Cast. Argentina
Puya harry-lutheri Gouda Venezuela
Puya herrerae Harms Peru
Puya herzogii Wittm. Bolivia (Cochabamba)
Puya hirtzii Manzan. & W.Till Ecuador
Puya hofstenii Mez Bolivia to Argentina (Jujuy)
Puya horrida L.B.Sm. & Read Colombia
Puya hortensis L.B.Sm. Peru (Huancavelica)
Puya hoxeyi Janeba Peru
Puya hromadnikii Rauh Bolivia
Puya huancavelicae L.B.Sm. Peru (Huancavelica)
Puya humilis Mez Bolivia
Puya hutchisonii L.B.Sm. Peru (Ancash)
Puya ibischii R.Vásquez Bolivia (Cochabamba)
Puya iltisiana L.B.Sm. Peru (Apurímac)
Puya isabellina Mez Peru (Cajamarca)
Puya joergensenii H.Luther Ecuador
Puya killipii Cuatrec. Colombia, Venezuela
Puya kuntzeana Mez Bolivia (Cochabamba)
Puya laccata Mez Peru (Huánuco)
Puya lanata (Kunth) Schult. & Schult.f. Ecuador, Peru
Puya lanuginosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Schult. & Schult.f. Peru
Puya larae R.Vásquez & Ibisch Bolivia
Puya lasiopoda L.B.Sm. Bolivia, Peru
Puya laxa L.B.Sm. Bolivia (Santa Cruz)
Puya lehmanniana L.B.Sm. Colombia
Puya leptostachya L.B.Sm. Peru (Cusco) to Bolivia
Puya lilloi A.Cast. Argentina
Puya lineata Mez Colombia
Puya llatensis L.B.Sm. Peru (Huánuco)
Puya loca Madriñán Colombia (Cundinamarca)
Puya lokischmidtiae R.Vásquez & Ibisch Bolivia (Tarija)
Puya longisepala Mez Peru (Puno)
Puya longispina Manzan. & W.Till Ecuador
Puya longistyla Mez Peru (Cusco)
Puya lopezii L.B.Sm. Peru (La Libertad)
Puya lutheri W.Till Peru (Ancash)
Puya macbridei L.B.Sm. Peru (Ancash)
Puya macropoda L.B.Sm. Peru (Amazonas)
Puya macrura Mez Peru
Puya maculata L.B.Sm. Ecuador
Puya mariae L.B.Sm. Peru (Amazonas)
Puya medica L.B.Sm. Peru
Puya membranacea L.B.Sm. Peru (Cusco)
Puya meziana Wittm. Bolivia (La Paz)
Puya micrantha Mez Argentina (Jujuy, Salta), Bolivia
Puya mima L.B.Sm. & Read Peru (Cajamarca)
Puya minima L.B.Sm. Bolivia (Tarija)
Puya mirabilis (Mez)L.B.Sm. Argentina, Bolivia
Puya mitis Mez Peru
Puya mollis Baker ex Mez Bolivia (La Paz)
Puya mucronata Manzan. Peru
Puya nana Wittm. Bolivia (Santa Cruz)
Puya navarroana Manzan. & W.Till Ecuador
Puya nigrescens L.B.Sm. Peru (Ancash)
Puya nitida Mez Colombia
Puya nivalis Baker Colombia (Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta)
Puya novarae G.S.Varad. ex Gómez Rom. & A.Grau Argentina (Salta)
Puya nutans L.B.Sm. Ecuador
Puya obconica L.B.Sm. Ecuador
Puya occidentalis L.B.Sm. Colombia (Valle del Cauca)
Puya ochroleuca Betancur & Callejas Colombia (Antioquia)
Puya olivacea Wittm. Bolivia (Santa Cruz)
Puya oxyantha Mez Peru (Puno)
Puya pachyphylla R.Vásquez & Ibisch Bolivia (Santa Cruz)
Puya parviflora L.B.Sm. Ecuador
Puya pattersoniae Manzan. & W.Till Ecuador
Puya paupera Mez Bolivia (Tarija)
Puya pearcei (Baker) Mez Bolivia.
Puya penduliflora L.B.Sm. Bolivia (La Paz)
Puya pichinchae Mez & Sodiro Ecuador (Pichincha)
Puya pitcairnioides L.B.Sm. Peru (Amazonas)
Puya pizarroana R.Vásquez, Ibisch & S.Beck Bolivia
Puya ponderosa L.B.Sm. Peru (Ayacucho)
Puya potosina L.B.Sm. Bolivia
Puya pratensis L.B.Sm. Peru
Puya prosanae Ibisch & E.Gross Bolivia
Puya pseudoeryngioides H.Luther Peru
Puya pusilla H.Luther Bolivia
Puya pygmaea L.B.Sm. Ecuador
Puya pyramidata (Ruiz & Pav.) Schult. & Schult.f. Peru
Puya ramonii L.B.Sm. Peru (Lambayeque)
Puya ramosissima ined. Peru (Amazonas)
Puya rauhii L.B.Sm. Peru (Ancash)
Puya reducta L.B.Sm. Bolivia (La Paz)
Puya reflexiflora Mez Peru (Ancash)
Puya retrorsa Gilmartin Ecuador
Puya riparia L.B.Sm. Brazil (La Paz)
Puya robin-fosteri G.S.Varad. & H.Luther Peru
Puya roezlii É.Morren Peru
Puya roldanii Betancur & Callejas Colombia (Antioquia)
Puya roseana L.B.Sm. Ecuador (Loja)
Puya rusbyi (Baker) Mez Bolivia (La Paz)
Puya sagasteguii L.B.Sm. Peru (La Libertad)
Puya sanctae-crucis (Baker)L.B.Sm. Bolivia (Santa Cruz)
Puya sanctae-martae L.B.Sm. Colombia
Puya santanderensis Cuatrec. Colombia (Santander)
Puya santosii Cuatrec. Colombia (Cundinamarca)
Puya secunda L.B.Sm. Bolivia
Puya sehuencasensis R.Vásquez, Ibisch & R.Lara Bolivia (Cochabamba)
Puya serranoensis Rauh Bolivia
Puya silvae-baccae L.B.Sm. & Read Venezuela (Zulia)
Puya simulans L.B.Sm. Peru (La Libertad)
Puya smithii A.Cast. Argentina
Puya sodiroana Mez Ecuador
Puya solomonii G.S.Varad. Bolivia
Puya spathacea (Griseb.) Mez Argentina, Bolivia
Puya stenothyrsa (Baker) Mez Bolivia
Puya stipitata L.B.Sm. Peru (Huánuco)
Puya strobilantha Mez Peru (Junín)
Puya textoragicolae W.Weber Peru (Puno)
Puya thomasiana André Colombia to Ecuador
Puya tillii Manzan. Ecuador
Puya tovariana L.B.Sm. Peru (Lima)
Puya trianae Baker Venezuela to Ecuador
Puya tristis L.B.Sm. Bolivia (Cochabamba)
Puya trollii L.B.Sm. Bolivia
Puya tuberosa Mez Bolivia
Puya tunarensis Mez Bolivia (Cochabamba)
Puya tyleriana Sagást., Zapata & M.O.Dillon Peru (Ancash)
Puya ugentiana L.B.Sm. Bolivia (Chuquisaca)
Puya ultima L.B.Sm. Bolivia
Puya valida L.B.Sm. Bolivia (Chuquisaca)
Puya vallo-grandensis Rauh Bolivia
Puya vargasiana L.B.Sm. Peru (Cusco)
Puya vasquezii Ibisch & E.Gross Bolivia
Puya venezuelana L.B.Sm. Colombia, Venezuela
Puya venusta (Baker) Phil. Chile
Puya vervoorstii Gómez Rom. & A.Grau Argentina (San Juan)
Puya vestita André Colombia to Ecuador (Pichincha)
Puya volcanensis A.Cast. Argentina (Jujuy, Salta)
Puya weberbaueri Mez Bolivia, Peru
Puya weberiana É.Morren ex Mez Argentina (Salta, Tucumán)
Puya werneriana Read & L.B.Sm. Peru (Junín)
Puya westii L.B.Sm. Ecuador (Loja) to Peru
Puya wrightii L.B.Sm. Peru
Puya wurdackii L.B.Sm. Peru (Amazonas)
Puya yakespala A.Cast. Argentina (Salta)

Cultivation and use

Some species of Puya in Chile, locally known as chagual, are used to make salads from the base of its young leaves or stem. A common species is Puya chilensis.

References

  1. ^ Givnish, Thomas J.; Barfuss, Michael H. J.; Van Ee, Benjamin; Riina, Ricarda; Schulte, Katharina; Horres, Ralf; Gonsiska, Philip A.; Jabaily, Rachel S.; Crayn, Darren M.; Smith, J. Andrew C.; Winter, Klaus (May 2011). "Phylogeny, adaptive radiation, and historical biogeography in Bromeliaceae: Insights from an eight-locus plastid phylogeny". American Journal of Botany. 98 (5): 872–895. doi:10.3732/ajb.1000059. hdl:2027.42/142109. PMID 21613186.
  2. ^ Gouda, E.J. & Butcher, D. (cont. updated) A List of Accepted Bromeliaceae Names [http://bromeliad.nl/bromNames/]. University Botanic Gardens, Utrecht (accessed: 20-12-2019).
  3. ^ Hornung-Leoni, Claudia; Sosa, Victoria (2008). "Morphological phylogenetics of Puya subgenus Puya (Bromeliaceae)". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 156: 93–110. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2007.00740.x.
  4. ^ "Puya Molina - Plants of the World Online". Plants of the World Online. 2020-11-01. Retrieved 2023-01-15.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to
Puya.