He was educated at Harvard (MA and PhD, both in History 1980 and 1986), and Yale (BA Philosophy and History, 1978).[3] He has written several books on the comparative history of Europe and America.
With his wife Lisbet Rausing, who is an heir of the Tetra Pak fortune, Baldwin co-founded the Arcadia Fund in 2001. The Fund has given away over $1 billion to charities and scholarly institutions globally that preserve cultural heritage and the environment and promote open access.[8]
Baldwin joined the advisory board of the Wikimedia Endowment in 2016.[11] Baldwin and Rausing gave $5 million to the Wikimedia Endowment in 2017[12] and are listed among the biggest benefactors to the Wikimedia Foundation.[13]
Publications
The Politics of Social Solidarity: Class Bases of the European Welfare State, 1875-1975 (Cambridge University Press, 1990)
Reworking the Past: Hitler, the Holocaust and the Historians' Debate, edited with an introduction (Beacon Press, 1990)
Contagion and the State in Europe, 1830-1930 (Cambridge University Press, 1999)
Disease and Democracy: The Industrialized World Faces AIDS (University of California Press, Berkeley, and the Milbank Memorial Fund, New York, 2005)
The Narcissism of Minor Differences: How America and Europe Are Alike (Oxford University Press, 2009)[14]
The Copyright Wars: Three Centuries of Trans-Atlantic Battle (Princeton University Press, 2014)[15]
Command and Persuade: Crime, Law, and the State across History (MIT Press 2021)
Fighting the First Wave: Why the Coronavirus was Tackled so Differently across the Globe (Cambridge University Press, 2021)
Athena Unbound: Why and How Scholarly Knowledge Should Be Free for All (The MIT Press, 2023)[16]