Paul McDonald Robinett

Paul McDonald Robinett
Brig. Gen. Paul M. Robinett, Commander of Combat Command B, 1st Armored Division, on reconnaissance, Maknassy valley
Education
Height5 ft 4 in (1.63 m)
Political partyRepublican
Military career
Nickname(s)
  • Robbie
Born(1893-12-19)December 19, 1893
Mountain Grove, Missouri, US
DiedFebruary 5, 1975(1975-02-05) (aged 81)
Buried
Hillcrest Cemetery, Mountain Grove
Service / branchCavalry of the United States of America
Years of service1917–1946
Rank Brigadier General
Commands
Battles / wars
Awards
[1]
Other work

Paul McDonald Robinett (1893–1975) was a cavalry and armor officer (Brigadier General) of the U.S. Army. He spent much of his career as a staff officer, and commanded an armored regiment and combined arms combat command in combat during the Tunisian campaign of World War II.

Biography

Robinett hailed from Missouri's Ozark foothills, scion of Ozark pioneers. After high school, he worked a summer in the Kansas harvest fields before enrolling in the University of Missouri, where he completed his B.S. (1917) in Agriculture. Since the U.S. had entered World War I, he tried to enlist but was rejected as underweight. After beginning a graduate fellowship at Iowa State, he again tried to enlist, unsuccessfully.

But he was accepted for officer training, subsequently commissioned a 2nd lieutenant in the 1st Cavalry. During World War I, First Cavalry served along the border with Mexico; during this time, he was promoted to first lieutenant. He was graduated from the Cavalry School Troop Commander's course at Fort Riley, Kansas in 1922, and taught Machine Gunnery and animal transportation there 1922–1923. He was a special student at the University of Paris in 1925, attended the French cavalry school at Saumur, and observed French maneuvers near Strasbourg. He was General Malin Craig's aide-de-camp 1927–1932, serving in the Panama Canal Zone and San Francisco. Captain Paul McD. Robinett, Cavalry, completed the United States Army Command and General Staff College's two-year course and graduated June 15, 1934.[2] He attended the U.S. Army War College. He served in the War Department's General Staff 1937–1941.[3][4][5] He was Assistant Chief of Staff for intelligence under both Lesley J. McNair (from June 26, 1941) and George C. Marshall.[4][5][6] President F. D. Roosevelt nominated him for promotion to colonel on November 20, 1942.[7]

His personal credo was: "Always do whatever you can to keep your superior from making a mistake." He was a crack shot with a pistol and expert rider. Only one soldier of the 3rd Infantry ever collected on his offer of a dollar to any soldier who could out shoot him. He was an accomplished horseman, a member of the U.S. Army equestrian team, and competed in the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris.[4][5]

During the Tunisian campaign of World War II he commanded the 13th Armored Regiment, "Task Force Green,"[8][9] and 1st Armored Division's Combat Command B. After the American defeat at the battle of Kasserine Pass, his CCB and 1st Infantry Division repulsed a German advance west on Highway 13 toward Tebessa.[10]

General Robinett and CCB were to lead 1st Armored Division's assault from Mateur toward Bizerte at first light on Thursday morning, May 6, 1943. The day before, as Robinett was returning to CCB, the confidence of the new division commander General Harmon in Robinett diminished so much he determined to relieve him. Harmon raced after Robinett to relieve him. He caught up just after a German artillery shell had shredded Robinett's left leg. General Robinett's war was over; he had already ceded command to Colonel Clarence C. Benson.[11][12]

He commanded the Armored School at Fort Knox, Kentucky until he retired at the end of the war.[4][5][6]

The 1940 census listed him as a resident of the Kennedy-Warren Apartment Building in Washington, D.C.[13] and later the Army Navy Club, Washington, D.C. In 1941, then Lt Col Robinett was an honorary pallbearer at the funeral of General Craig's wife.[14]

Brigadier General Robinett was a Missouri delegate at the 1948 Republican National Convention, and served on the resolution committee's foreign affairs subcommittee.[15]

After the Korean War, BGen Robinett complained that American military succumbed to a "natural tendency" to develop quickly capabilities to counter an enemy, rather than those to defeat and destroy him. U.S. defense developed equipment and tactics weighted too much on defensive implements. In particular, the tanks were to be used chiefly to support infantry and an insufficient number of armored divisions – more mobile and more offensive. He recalled the blitzkrieg of World War II and the North Korea's tank invasion of the South.[16][17][18]

Decorations

Bronze star
Bronze star
Bronze oak leaf cluster
Bronze oak leaf cluster
1st Row Army Distinguished Service Medal[5] Legion of Merit[5] Purple Heart[5]
2nd Row Army Commendation Medal[5] American Defense Service Medal[5] European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal[5] World War II Victory Medal[5]
3rd Row Knight of the Legion of Honor (France)[5] French Croix de guerre 1939–1945 with two palms[5] Commander of the Order of Military Merit (Brazil)[5] Grand Cordon of the Order of Glory (French Tunisia)[5]

Dates of rank

Insignia Rank Component Date
Second lieutenant Officers' Reserve Corps November 27, 1917 (temporary)[19]
First lieutenant Regular Army August 31, 1918 (accepted September 19, temporary)[19]
July 1, 1920 (accepted September 16, permanent)[19]
Captain Regular Army December 2, 1929[19]
Major Regular Army October 1, 1938[19]
Lieutenant colonel Regular Army February 4, 1941[19]
Colonel Army of the United States February 1, 1942[19]
Brigadier general Army of the United States November 20, 1942[19]
Brigadier general Regular Army, Retired August 31, 1946[19]

[19]

Publications

  • Robinett, Paul M., Paul M. Robinett papers, 1915–1972 (bulk 1943–1957), LCCN mm75038018 3,000 items. – 10 containers. – 4 linear
  • Robinett, Paul M. (n.d.), The Axis Offensive in Central Tunisia, Feb. 1943, Library of Congress
  • Robinett, Paul M. (n.d.), Among the First, Lexington, Virginia: George C. Marshall Foundation
  • Robinett, Paul M. (1950). Preparation for leadership in America; extracted from the writings of Cicero, Chesterfield, Franklin, Washington, Emerson, Lincoln, Schofield, and the Honor code of the United States Military Academy. Washington. LCCN 50035715.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • Luther Harris Evans, Paul McDonald Robinett Willard Webb (April 21, 1950). Library of Congress intermission broadcasts [sound recording]. Program of Applied Studies. LCCN 2003642814. 1 sound disc : analog, 33 1/3 rpm; 16 in. (preservation master)
  • Robinett, Brigadier General Paul M. (March–April 1953). "Ground Force Mobility" (PDF). Armor: 6–11. Retrieved June 27, 2014.
  • Robinett, Paul M. (1954). The exploitation of history by the United States Army. Washington?: United States Department of the Army. Office of Military History. LCCN 55061243.
  • Robinett, Paul McD., chief, Special Studies Division. The study and writing of American military history, a guide. United States Department of the Army. Office of Military History. LCCN 54060137. OCLC 7879449.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  • Robinett, Paul M. (1958). Armor command; the personal story of a commander of the 13th Armored Regiment, of the CCB, 1st Armored Division, and of the Armored School during World War II. Washington. LCCN 59031974.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • Robinett, Paul M., ed. (1956). American Military History from 1607 to 1953. Office of the Chief of Military History, U.S. Department of the Army.[20]
  • Robinett, Paul M., Paul M. Robinett papers, 1915–1972 (bulk 1943–1957), LCCN mm75038018 3,000 items. – 10 containers. – 4 linear feet.
  • Robinett, Paul M. (1965). Education in Mountain Grove, Missouri, 1835–1913. LCCN 75327255.

References

  1. ^ "Paul M. Robinett 1956 – US & Canada Competition Humanities – U.S. History". John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation. Retrieved June 14, 2014.
  2. ^ Heintzelman, Major General Stuart (November 9, 1934). "Annual Report for The Command and General Staff School year 1933–1934" (PDF). Fort Leavenworth, Kansas: The Command and General Staff School. pp. 4–5. Retrieved June 27, 2014.
  3. ^ McElderry, Michael J.; Cooney, Charles (2012). "Paul M. Robinett Papers: A Finding Aid to the Collection in the Library of Congress" (PDF). Washington, D.C.: Manuscript Division, Library of Congress. p. 3. Retrieved June 26, 2014.
  4. ^ a b c d Atkinson, Rick (2002). An Army at Dawn: The War in North Africa, 1942–1943. The Liberation Trilogy. Vol. 1 (First ed.). Henry Holt and Company. p. 222. ISBN 0-8050-6288-2. LCCN 2002024130. Retrieved June 26, 2014.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Canan, Colonel Howard V. "Biographical Sketch" (PDF). PAUL M. ROBINETT PAPERS. Lexington, Virginia: GEORGE C. MARSHALL RESEARCH LIBRARY. pp. 3–5. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 6, 2011. Retrieved June 27, 2014.
  6. ^ a b "Robinett, Paul McDonald (1893–1975), Scrapbooks, 1897–1974" (PDF). State Historical Society of Missouri. Retrieved June 14, 2014. Correspondence, clippings, writings, speeches and notes pertaining to Brigadier General Robinett of Mountain Grove, Missouri, who, with his brother Frank, compiled material on his army career.
  7. ^ "Halsey Named Full Admiral By Roosevelt". The Washington Post. Washington, D.C. November 21, 1942. p. 2. ProQuest document ID 15150125ProQuest 151501251.
  8. ^ Howe, George F. (1950). "Chapter XI The First Day's Operations Against Oran". In Kent Roberts Greenfield (ed.). Mediterranean Theater of Operations – Northwest Africa: Seizing the Initiative in the West. U.S. Army in World War II. Washington, D. C.: Office of the Chief of Military History, Department of the Army. Retrieved July 8, 2014.
  9. ^ Howe, George F. (1950). "XII The Seizure of Oran". In Kent Roberts Greenfield (ed.). Mediterranean Theater of Operations – Northwest Africa: Seizing the Initiative in the West. U.S. Army in World War II. Washington, D. C.: Office of the Chief of Military History, Department of the Army. pp. 215 et seq. Retrieved July 1, 2014.
  10. ^ Atkinson, Rick. An Army at Dawn. pp. 358, 379–382.
  11. ^ Atkinson, Rick. An Army at Dawn. pp. 483, 511–513.
  12. ^ "13th Armor". The Campaign for the National Museum of the United States Army. Retrieved July 14, 2014.
  13. ^ "Paul McDonald Robinett in the 1940 Census". Ancestry.com. Retrieved June 26, 2014.
  14. ^ "Gen. Craig's Wife Dies Here at 61". The Washington Post. Washington, D.C. May 28, 1941. p. 27. ProQuest 151425361.
  15. ^ Lawrence, W.H. (June 18, 1948). "SKIRMISHES MARK TALKS ON PLATFORM: Southern Republicans Demand and Get Places on Civil Rights Subcommittee". The New York Times. New York, N.Y. p. 6. ProQuest 108180153. via ProQuest
  16. ^ Baldwin, Hanson W. "What Kind of Defense in the Atomic Age?: The difficult search goes on for a magic key to the riddle of security in this era of technological change and world uncertainty. Defense in the Atomic Age". The New York Times. p. SM7. ISSN 0362-4331. ProQuest document ID 112825666ProQuest 112825666.
  17. ^ Norris, John G. (April 20, 1953). "Tank Officers Launch Attack On Army 'Infantry Thinking'". The Washington Post. Washington, D.C. p. 1. ProQuest document ID 152568319ProQuest 152568319.
  18. ^ Baldwin, Hanson W. (April 17, 1953). "Dispute Over Armor – II: Specialists in All Countries Believe Tank Must Meet Challenge of New Weapons". The New York Times. New York, N.Y. p. 2. ProQuest document ID 112823345ProQuest 112823345.
  19. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Official Army and Air Force Register (Volume I). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. 1947. p. 1585.
  20. ^ "Reserves Hailed By Gen. Robinett". The Washington Post and Times-Herald. February 1, 1957. p. C9. ProQuest document ID 148957329ProQuest 148957329.

Bibliography