Osbourn Seamount

See also: Tonga Trench § Capricorn Seamount

Osbourn Seamount
South Pacific Ocean
Location
Location	South Pacific Ocean
Coordinates	26°S 175°W
Geology
Type	Guyot
Volcanic arc/chain	Louisville Ridge
Age of rock	76.7±0.8 Ma

The Osbourn Seamount is a seamount in the south-west Pacific Ocean. It is the westernmost and oldest unsubducted seamount of the Louisville Ridge, with an estimated age of 78.8 ± 1.3 Ma.[1][2] Like other seamounts comprising the Louisville Ridge, it was formed by the Louisville hotspot which is currently located 4,300 km (2,700 mi) away near the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge.[3]

Osbourn Seamount will eventually be destroyed by subduction in the Tonga and Kermadec trenches once it is carried into the trenches by the ongoing plate motion.[4] The trench-chain collision zone is moving southward at a rate of 200 km (120 mi)/Ma because of the oblique angle between the trench and the Louisville chain. This further shortens the seamount's lifespan.[5] The flat top of the seamount is currently tilting down toward the trench because the seamount is sitting on the edge of the trench where the Australian Plate is being bent by subduction.[6]

A bathymetric high c. 2 km (1.2 mi) north-west of the Osbourn Seamount has been interpreted as the currently subducting portion of the Louisville chain, but this continuation is not aligned with the existent chain. Whatever the area of subduction of the Louisville chain is associated with a relative seismic gap beneath the Tonga forearc.[7] This implies that the subduction of the volcanoes compared to normal sediment has a significant impact in terms of normal relief of stress but it is unclear if the subducted volcanoes relieve it as suggested by some[8] or increase it. Further the change in trend if the subducted Louisville chain compared to present is backed up by compositional analysis of recent arc volcanism as the volcanics from the Louisville chain are recycled.[9] The Osbourn Seamount is the same age as the Detroit Seamount (75.8±0.6 Ma), one of the oldest of the Hawaii–Emperor seamount chain, and a clockwise bend in the Louisville chain near Osbourn is similar to the Detroit-Meiji bend in the Hawaii–Emperor chain.[10]

References

Notes

1. Timm et al. 2013, Location of the Louisville seamount chain beneath the arc, pp. 5–6
2. Koppers, Anthony A. P.; Gowen, Molly D.; Colwell, Lauren E.; Gee, Jeffrey S.; Lonsdale, Peter F.; Mahoney, John J.; Duncan, Robert A. (December 2011). "New 40Ar/39Ar age progression for the Louisville hot spot trail and implications for inter-hot spot motion". Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. 12 (12): n/a. Bibcode:2011GGG....12.AM02K. doi:10.1029/2011gc003804. ISSN 1525-2027. S2CID 55376246.
3. Hawkins, Lonsdale & Batiza 1987, Abstract
4. Shukman, David (2011-12-06). "Subsea mountains' 'march to ruin'". BBC News. Retrieved 2018-06-15.
5. Garcia-Castellanos, Torne & Fernandez 2000, 14:38
6. Garcia-Castellanos, Torne & Fernandez 2000, 4:12
7. Timm et al. 2013, Figure 5
8. Stratford, W.; Peirce, C.; Paulatto, M.; Funnell, M.; Watts, A. B.; Grevemeyer, I.; Bassett, D. (2015). "Seismic velocity structure and deformation due to the collision of the Louisville Ridge with the Tonga-Kermadec Trench" (PDF). Geophysical Journal International. 200 (3): 1503–1522. doi:10.1093/gji/ggu475. Retrieved 21 May 2023.
9. Timm et al. 2013, Discussion and Figure 5
10. Timm et al. 2013, Location of the Louisville seamount chain beneath the arc, pp. 5–6

Sources

• Garcia-Castellanos, D.; Torne, M.; Fernandez, M. (2000). "Slab pull effects from a flexural analysis of the Tonga and Kermadec Trenches (Pacific Plate)" (PDF). Geophysical Journal International. 141 (2): 479–484. Bibcode:2000GeoJI.141..479G. doi:10.1046/j.1365-246x.2000.00096.x. Retrieved 9 April 2017.
• Hawkins, J. W.; Lonsdale, P. F.; Batiza, R. (1987). "Petrologic Evolution of the Louisville Seamount Chain". In Keating, B. H.; Fryer, P.; Batiza, R.; Boehlert, G. W. (eds.). Seamounts, islands, and atolls. Geophysical Monograph Series. Vol. 43. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union. pp. 235–254. Bibcode:1987GMS....43..235H. doi:10.1029/GM043p0235. ISBN 9781118664209.
• Timm, C.; Bassett, D.; Graham, I. J.; Leybourne, M. I.; De Ronde, C. E.; Woodhead, J.; Layton-Matthews, D.; Watts, A. B. (2013). "Louisville seamount subduction and its implication on mantle flow beneath the central Tonga–Kermadec arc" (PDF). Nature Communications. 4: 1720. Bibcode:2013NatCo...4.1720T. doi:10.1038/ncomms2702. PMID 23591887. Retrieved 19 March 2017.