Orthomorpha coarctata

Orthomorpha coarctata
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Myriapoda
Class: Diplopoda
Order: Polydesmida
Family: Paradoxosomatidae
Genus: Orthomorpha
Species:
O. coarctata
Binomial name
Orthomorpha coarctata
(De Saussure, 1860)
Synonyms

Orthomorpha coarctata, the long-flange millipede,[1] is a widely introduced species of Polydesmidan millipede of the family Paradoxosomatidae. It is presumed native to Southeast Asia but due to transport by humans occurs in tropical and sub-tropical areas throughout the world, including the Hawaiian Islands, the West Indies, Gulf Coast of North America, and the Galápagos Islands.[1][2][3]

Description

Males range from 14.5–20.5 mm in length and 1.5 to 2.7 mm wide while females are somewhat larger ranging from 16.5–27.5 mm long, and 1.6–3.2 mm wide.[4] O. coarctata can be distinguished from Oxidus gracilis, another widely introduced Asian millipede, by having proportionally longer and pointier paranota (lateral keels) on mid-body segments and longer gonopods (male reproductive appendages).[5]

O. coarctata is unique within the genus Orthomorpha in that the gonopods have a single, simple tip, while other species have two or three lobes. This distinction has led some authors to place O. coarctata in a separate, monotypic genus, Asiomorpha.[2][4]

  • Anatomy of an individual collected in Thailand
    Anatomy of an individual collected in Thailand
  • Anatomy of male (A-I) and female (J-L)
    Anatomy of male (A-I) and female (J-L)
  • Gonopods
    Gonopods

References

  1. ^ a b McCormack, Gerald (2007). "Asiomorpha coarctata, Long-flange Millipede". Cook Islands Biodiversity Database, Version 2007.2. Cook Islands Natural Heritage Trust, Rarotonga. Retrieved 20 May 2014.
  2. ^ a b Hoffman, R. L. (1999). "Checklist of the millipeds of North and Middle America". Virginia Museum of Natural History Special Publications. 8: 1–553. p. 415
  3. ^ Peck, S. B. (1998). "Introduced insect fauna of an oceanic archipelago: The Galápagos Islands, Ecuador" (PDF). American Entomologist. 44 (4): 218–237. doi:10.1093/ae/44.4.218. p. 220
  4. ^ a b Likhitrakarn, Natdanai; Golovatch, Sergei; Panha, Somsak (2011). "Revision of the Southeast Asian millipede genus Orthomorpha Bollman, 1893, with the proposal of a new genus (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)". ZooKeys (131): 1–161. Bibcode:2011ZooK..131....1L. doi:10.3897/zookeys.131.1921. PMC 3208436. PMID 22140329.
  5. ^ McCormack, Gerald (2007). "Oxidus gracilis, Short-flange Millipede". Cook Islands Biodiversity Database, Version 2007.2. Cook Islands Natural Heritage Trust, Rarotonga. Retrieved 20 May 2014.