New York Daily News (19th century)

New York Daily News
TypeDaily newspaper
PublisherBenjamin Wood (1860–1900)
Founded1855
Ceased publication1906; 118 years ago (1906)
Headquarters19 Chatham St., New York City
OCLC number9481787

The New York Daily News was a daily New York City newspaper from 1855 to 1906, unrelated to the present-day Daily News founded in 1919. Founded in 1855, it flourished under the stewardship of Benjamin Wood, becoming one of the highest circulation papers in the United States. It was notable for its racist and pro-Confederate views. The paper faltered after Wood's death in 1900, and folded in December 1906.

History

Benjamin Wood portrayed in the August 31, 1861, issue of Harper's Weekly, refusing to fly the American flag at his paper and stomping on it, instead flying a Confederate flag with 4-11-44 on it, slang for the lottery; Wood owned a southern lottery.

The paper was founded by Gideon J. Tucker in 1855, but he edited it until only 1857. Between 1857 and 1860, it was owned by W. Drake Parsons, 102 Nassau Street. Fernando Wood then bought the paper and put in his brother as editor; Benjamin soon after bought the majority interest.[1] The paper reportedly soon became the country's highest-circulation daily paper.[1]

Under Wood, the paper was pro-Southern/Confederate and defended slavery and the right to secede. It supported Stephen A. Douglas in the 1860 presidential election, decrying that if Lincoln won "we shall find negroes among us thicker than blackberries swarming everywhere", in accord with its plainly racist viewpoint.[2]

After the Confederates fired at Fort Sumter, Wood refused a mob's demand that he fly the American flag at the paper's building.[1]

In August 1861, the U.S. government effectively shut down the paper (by suspending its delivery via the postal service) as being sympathetic with to an enemy of the United States (in this case, the Confederacy during the American Civil War). Wood was able to re-open the paper 18 months later, in May 1863.[1]

In the 1870s, it is likely that only three newspapers in the United States had a circulation of over 100,000, all in New York: The Sun, New York Herald, and New York Daily News.[3]

Benjamin Wood continued as editor of the paper until his death in February 1900.[1][4] Gambling problems caused Wood to declare bankruptcy in 1879, and he sold 43% of his ownership to publisher William L. Brown, who then worked with Wood until Wood's death.[1]

His widow Ida Mayfield Wood, who later became a famous recluse confining herself to the Herald Square Hotel, briefly ran the paper. She sold it in 1901 to Frank Munsey for about $340,000.[5] Munsey changed the paper from an afternoon to morning publication and tried to broaden its appeal, but sold it in 1904 as circulation dropped. Managing editor Thomas C. Quinn took over the reins, but was unable to stop the paper's decline, and publication ceased on December 13, 1906.[6][7]

German edition

Like other New York publishers, Wood created a German-language edition of his paper titled New-Yorker Tages-Nachrichten in 1870 and Sunday edition Sonntags-Nachrichten in 1872.[8]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f On This Day - August 31, 1861, The New York Times (2001), Retrieved 22 April 2017
  2. ^ Mr. Lincoln and New York – Benjamin Wood (1820–1900), Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History, Retrieved 24 January 2017
  3. ^ Douglas, George H. The Golden Age of the Newspaper, p. 83 (1999)
  4. ^ (22 February 1900). Death of Benjamin Wood, The New York Times
  5. ^ Karen Abbott. Everything Was Fake but her Wealth, Smithsonian Magazine, January 23, 2013
  6. ^ (14 December 1906). Col. Brown and His Paper Pass Away Together, The New York Times
  7. ^ (16 June 1935). Thomas Quinn, 70, Ex-Publisher, Dies, The New York Times
  8. ^ Lee, Alfred McClung. The Daily Newspaper in America, Volume 1, p. 175 (1937)