Names of European cities in different languages (U–Z)

The names used for some major European cities differ in different European and sometimes non-European languages. In some countries where there are two or more languages spoken, such as Belgium or Switzerland, dual forms may be used within the city itself, for example on signage. This is also the case in Ireland, despite a low level of actual usage of the Irish language. In other cases where a regional language is officially recognised, that form of the name may be used in the region, but not nationally. Examples include the Welsh language in Wales in the United Kingdom, and other languages in parts of Italy and Spain.

There is a slow trend to return to the local name, which has been going on for a long time.[citation needed] In English Livorno is now used, the old English form of Leghorn having become antiquated at least a century ago. In some cases, such as the replacement of Danzig with Gdansk, the official name has been changed more recently. Since 1995, the government of Ukraine has encouraged the use of Kyiv rather than Kiev.[1]

U

English name Other names or former names
GermanyÜberlingen Iberlingen - Иберлинген (Russian, Serbian), Jibrovice (Czech), Überlingen (German, Romanian), Yübólíngēn - 于柏林根/與柏林根 (Mandarin)
ItalyUdine Baidn (Sappada and Sauris Bavarian German), Bain (Timau Bavarian German), Udin (Friulian*), Ùdin (Piedmontese*), Udine (Bosnian, Croatian*, Dutch*, Finnish*, French*, German*, Hungarian*, Italian*, Lombard*, Romanian*), Udine - Удине (Bulgarian*, Russian*, Serbian*), Udine - Удіне (Ukrainian*), Udine - Удзінэ (Belarusian*), Udine - 우디네 (Korean*), Údine (Portuguese*, Spanish*, Venetian*), Ūdine - ウーディネ (Japanese*), Udīne (Latvian*), Udinė (Lithuanian*), Ūdīneh - اودینه (Persian*), ʼŪdīniyy - أوديني (Arabic*), Udinum (Latin),[2] Utina (Latin),[2] Utinensis (Latin),[2] Utinum (Latin*),[2] Vedinum (Latin), Vidan (historical Slovene),[3] Videm (Czech, Slovene*), Weiden (historic German), Weiden in Friaul (historic German*), Wūdínèi - 乌迪内/烏迪內 (Mandarin*)
LithuaniaUkmergė Vilkmergė (Lithuanian, until 1918), Wiłkomierz (Polish), Вількамір (historical Belarusian), Вількомир (historical Ukrainian)
MontenegroUlcinj Dulcigno (Italian), Ulcinj (Bosnian, Croatian, Montenegrin, Serbian, Slovene), Ulciň (Czech, Slovak), Ulqin (Albanian), Ulcinium or Olcinium (Latin), Ülgün (Turkish), Olokénion - Ολοκαίνιον (Greek)
GermanyUlm Ulm (Azeri, Dutch, Finnish, German, Romanian, Turkish), Ulma (Italian, Latvian), Ulmas (Lithuanian), Wūmǔ - 乌姆/烏姆 (Mandarin)
RussiaUlyanovsk Simbirsk (former name in French and German), Symbirsk (former name in Polish) Oulianovsk (French), Ulianovsk (Romanian), Uljanovsk (Finnish, Serbian, Slovene), Uļjanovska (Latvian), Uljanovskas (Lithuanian), Uljanowsk (German, Polish), Ulyanovsk (Azeri), Ulyanovsk - Ульяновск (Russian), Ulyanovsk - Уляновск (Bulgarian), Wūlǐyànuòfūsīkè - 乌里亚诺夫斯克/烏里亞諾夫斯克 (Mandarin)
CroatiaUmag Umag (Bosnian, Croatian, Slovene, Finnish, Romanian), Umago (Italian, Portuguese), Wūmǎgé - 乌马格/烏馬格 (Mandarin)
SwedenUmeå Ubmeje (Ume Sami), Ubmi (Northern Sami), Umeå (Swedish), Upmeje (Southern Sami), Uumaja (Finnish), Umeo (Latvian), Wūméi'ào - 乌梅奥/烏梅奧 (Mandarin)
SwedenUppsala Oupsála - Ουψάλα (Greek), Upsal (French, former German), Uppsala (Danish, Dutch, Finnish, German, Norwegian, Swedish), Uppsalir (Icelandic), Upsala (Azeri, Bosnian, Finnish alternate, Latvian, Romanian, Serbian), Upsalia (Latin), Upsália (Portuguese)*, Upsalla - 웁살라 (Korean), Upsalo (Esperanto), Wūpǔsàlā - 乌普萨拉/烏普薩拉 (Mandarin)
ItalyUrtijëi Urtijëi (Ladin), Ortisei (Italian), St. Ulrich (German), 奥蒂塞伊 (Mandarin)
NetherlandsUtrecht Traiectum (Latin), Oetrècht/Utrècht (Gronings), Utereg / Uterech (local dialect), Utert (West Frisian), Utrech / Utrei (Limburgish), Utrecht (Afrikaans, Catalan, Croatian, Danish, French, Hungarian, Icelandic, Indonesian, Dutch, English, German, Finnish, Italian, Luxembourgish, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, Welsh), Utrechtas (Lithuanian), Utreht - Утрехт (Bulgarian, Russian, Serbian, Ukrainian), Utrehta (Latvian), Utréchti - Ουτρέχτη (Greek), Utreĥto (Esperanto), Utrek (Walloon), Utreque (Portuguese), Utrext (Azeri), Yutorehito - ユトレヒト (Japanese)*, Wūtèláihètè - 乌特莱赫特/烏特萊赫特 (Mandarin)
UkraineUzhhorod Oujhorod (French), Ugohrad - Уґоград (Rusyn), Ujgorod / Ugocea (Romanian), Ungstadt (German alternate), Ungvár (Hungarian), Ungvir - אונגװיר / Ingver / Yngvyr (Yiddish), Ungwar (German alternate), Uschhorod (German), Uzhgorod - Ужгород (Russian), Uzhhorod - Ужгород (Ukrainian, Rusyn), Užhorod (Czech, Finnish, Slovak), Użhorod (Polish), Užgoroda (Latvian), Wūzhīhuǒluódé - 乌支火罗德/烏支火羅德 (Mandarin)

V

English name Other names or former names
Finland Vaasa Nikolainkaupunki (old Finnish alternate), Nikolaistad (old Swedish alternate), Nikolaistadt (old German alternate), Vaasa (Estonian, Finnish, German), Vasa (Azeri, Swedish), Vasa - Vasa (Bulgarian), Waza (Polish), Vāsa (Latvian), Wǎsà - 瓦萨/瓦薩 (Mandarin)
Liechtenstein Vaduz Fadōtsu - ファドーツ (Japanese)*, Paducheu / P'aduch'ŭ - 파두츠 (Korean), Vaduts - Vaduc (Bulgarian, Russian, Ukrainian), Vaduz (Finnish, German, Italian, Maltese, Croatian, Serbian, Swedish, Turkish), Vadúz - Βαντούζ (Greek), Vaducas (Lithuanian), Vaduca (Latvian), Wǎdùzī - 瓦杜兹 (Mandarin)
North MacedoniaValandovo Valandovo (English, Croatian, Serbian, Slovene), Valandovo (Macedonian), Valantovo - Βαλάντοβο (Greek)
Spain Valencia Balansiyah بلنسية (Arabic), Ballensia / Pallensia - 발렌시아 (Korean), Barenshia - バレンシア (Japanese)*, Valence (French), Valencia (Dutch, Finnish, German, Interlingua, Romanian, Croatian, Spanish, Swedish), València (Catalan/Valencian), Valência (Portuguese), Valencija (Slovene), Valencio or Valencujo (Esperanto), Valensia (Ladino), Valensija (Belarusian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Serbian), Valensiya (Azeri, Turkish), Valensiya / Valensija (Bulgarian, Russian), Valentía - Βαλεντία (Greek), Valentia (Latin), Valenza (Italian), Walencja (Polish), ভ্যালেন্সি - Bhelenshi (Bengali), Bālúnxīyà - 巴伦西亚/巴倫西亞 (Mandarin)
NetherlandsValkenburg Valkenburg (Dutch, German), Fauquemont (old French), Fǎ'àokěnbǎo - 法奥肯堡 (Mandarin)
Malta Valletta Balleta / Pallet'a - 발레타 (Korean), Baretta - バレッタ (Japanese)*, il-Belt (colloquial Maltese), il-Belt Valletta (Maltese), Fālītā (Arabic), Vaileite (Irish), La Valeta (Bulgarian), La Valeta (Portuguese variant, Spanish), La Valette (French), La Valetta (Romanian, Turkish), La Valletta (Italian, Polish, Slovak), Valéta - Βαλέτα (Greek), Valeta (Latvian, Lithuanian, Portuguese*), Valetta (Turkish alternate), Valletta (Finnish, German, Swedish), Wǎláitǎ - 瓦莱塔/瓦萊塔 (Mandarin)
Latvia Valmiera Valmiera (Latvian, Lithuanian), Wolmar (German)
Finland Vantaa Vanda (Swedish), Vanta - Vanta (Bulgarian), Vantaa (Finnish)
Bulgaria Varna Baruna バルナ (Japanese), Odessos - Ὀδησσός (Ancient Greek), Odessus (Latin), Varna (Albanian, English, French, Indonesian, Italian, Kurdish, Romanian, Uzbek, Vietnamese, Welsh), Varna - Варна (Belarusian, Bulgarian, Kazakh Macedonian, Mongolian, Ukrainian), Varuna ヴァルナ (Japanese variant), Warna (Polish)
Romania Vaslui Vaslui (Romanian), Vaszló (Hungarian)
Vatican City Vatican City Bachikan - バチカン / Bachikan Shikoku - バチカン市国 (Japanese)*, Batikan si / Pat'ik'an si - 바티칸 시 (Korean), Cathair na Bhatacain (Scottish Gaelic), Cathair na Vatacáine (Irish), Cidade do Vaticano (Portuguese), Cité du Vatican (French), Città del Vaticano (Italian), Ciudad del Vaticano (Spanish), Ciutat del Vaticà (Catalan), Civitas Vaticana (Latin), Dinas y Fatican (Welsh), Fàndìgāng - 梵蒂冈/梵蒂岡 (Mandarin), Fatikaanstêd (Frisian), Sivdad del Vatikano (Ladino), Vaticaanstad (Dutch), Vatikaanikaupunki (Finnish), Vatikan (Azeri, German variant, Maltese, Croatian, Serbian, Turkish), Vatikan - Vatikan (Bulgarian, Russian), Vatikán (Czech, Slovak), Vatikanó - Βατικανό or Póli tu Vatikanú - Πόλη του Βατικανού (Greek), Vatikanstadt (German), Vatikanstaten (Norwegian, Swedish), Vatikánváros (Hungarian), Watykan (Polish), Vatíkanið (Icelandic), Páfagarður (Icelandic alternate), Vatikanas (Lithuanian), ভ্যাটিকান সিটি - Bhetikan Siti (Bengali), Vatikāns (Latvian)
Belarus Vawkavysk Ваўкавыск (Belarusian), Wołkowysk (Polish), Волковы́ск (Russian), וואלקאוויסק (Yiddish)
North Macedonia Veles Veles (English, Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian), Veles (Macedonian), Velesá - Βελεσά or Vylázora - Βυλάζωρα (Greek), Köprülü (Turkish)
Russia Veliky Novgorod Aslă Novgorod - Аслă Новгород (Chuvash), Böyek Novgorod - Бөек Новгород (Tatar), Didysis Naugardas (Lithuanian), Holmgard (Old Norse, archaic in Norwegian), Hólmgarður (Icelandic), Novgorod (former and alternative name), Nóvgorod -Νόβγκοροντ or Méga Nóvgorod - Μέγα Νόβγκοροντ (Greek), Novgorod the Great (alternative name in English), Styr Novgorod - Стыр Новгород (Ossetian), Velikij Novgorod (Danish, Norwegian, Slovak), Veliky Novgorod (English, Welsh), Veļikijnovgoroda (Latvian), Ydžyd Vylʹkar - Ыджыд Вылькар (Komi)
Italy Venice Benátky (Czech*, Slovak), Benechia - ベネチア (Japanese)*, Benechia / Penech'ia - 베네치아 (Korean), Benetke (Slovene), al-Bunduqīya (Arabic), Enetía - Ενετία (Katharevousa Greek), Feneesje (Frisian), Feneyjar (Icelandic), Fenis (Welsh), Mleci (older Croatian*),[4] Vaniescha (Romansh), An Veinéis (Irish), Velence (Hungarian)*, Venècia (Catalan)*, Venecia (Spanish)*, Venēcija (Latvian)*, Venecija (Croatian*, Lithuanian), Venecija - Venecija (Macedonian*, Serbian*), Mлеци - Mleci (older Serbian*), Veneciya - Venecija (Bulgarian*, Russian*), Veneciya - Venecija (Ukrainian)*, Veneco (Esperanto), Venedig (Danish*, German*, Swedish*), Venedik (Turkish)*, Venesia (Venetian*, Ladino), Veneetsia (Estonian), Venetía - Βενετία (Greek), Veneţia (Romanian)*, Venesië (Afrikaans)*, Venetië (Dutch)*, Venetik (Armenian), Venetsia (Finnish)*, Veneza (Portuguese)*, Venezia (Italian*, Norwegian*), Venezja (Maltese), Venise (French)*, Venetsye - װענעציע (Yiddish), Wēinísī - 威尼斯 (Mandarin)*, Wenecja (Polish)*, Venetië / Venies (Limburgish), Vignesie (Friulian), Unieja (Ladin)
Italy Ventimiglia Album Intemelium / Intimelia (Latin), Ventimiglia (Italian), Vintimille (French)
Italy Vercelli Vërsèj (Piedmontese), Varsej (Vercellese dialect of Piedmontese), Verceil (French)
France Verdun Verdun (Dutch, French, Romanian), Verdum (Catalan), Verdún (Spanish), Wirten or Verden (Maas) (former German)*, Verdenas (Lithuanian), Fán'ěrdēng - 凡尔登/凡爾登 (Mandarin)
Italy Verona Bern (old German), Berona / Perona - 베로나 (Korean), Berōna - ベローナ (Japanese)*, Verona (Azeri, Catalan, Dutch, Finnish, German, Italian, Hungarian, Latin, Latvian, Lithuanian, Maltese, Romanian, Spanish, Venetian*), Verona - Verona (Bulgarian), Vérone (French), Werona (Polish), Veróna - Βερόνα (Greek), Wéiluónà - 维罗纳/維羅納 (Mandarin)
France Versailles Berusaiyu - ベルサイユ (Japanese)*, Versaglia (old Italian), Versailles (French),Versalir (Icelandic) Versalhes (Portuguese), Versalia (Latin alternate), Versaliae (Latin), Versalis (Lithuanian), Versalles (Catalan, Spanish), Versay - Versaj (Bulgarian), Versay (Turkish), Wersal (Polish), Versalliés - Βερσαλλίες (Greek), Versaļa (Latvian)
Belgium Veurne Furnes (French)
Italy Vicenza Bichencha - 비첸차 (Korean*), Bissèntzia (Sardinian*), Cimbria (historic German,[5] historic Italian[6]), Fītšanzā - فيتشنزا (Arabic*) Vicence (French*), Vicença (Occitan*), Vicensa (Venetian*), Vicènsa (Lombard*), Vicenza (German*, Italian*), Vicenze (Friulian*), Vicetia (Latin*),[2] Vičenca (Latvian*, Lithuanian*), Vičenca - Виченца (Bulgarian*, Russian*, Serbian*), Vičenca - Віченца (Ukrainian), Vīčenzā - ویچنزا (Persian), Vichentsa - ヴィチェンツァ (Japanese*), Vincentia (Latin),[2] Wéiqínchá - 維琴察 (Mandarin Chinese*), Wiesenthein (historic German*)
Austria Vienna Beč (Croatian, Serbian, older Bulgarian), Beç (older Turkish)*, Bech or Vidnya (Romani), Bécs (Hungarian)*, Bin / Pin - 빈 (Korean), Dunaj (Slovene)*, Fienna (Welsh), Ouindóbona - Οὐινδόβονα (Ancient Greek)Vedunia (Celtic), Vyena - Вена (Russian), Vídeň (Czech)*, Viden' / Videň (Ukrainian)*, Viedeň (Slovak), Viên (Vietnamese), Viena / Vijena/ Виена (Belarusian, Bulgarian, Macedonian), Viena (Catalan*, Lithuanian, Portuguese*, Romanian*, Spanish*, Tagalog*), Vienna (Italian)*, Vienne (French)*, Viénni - Βιέννη (Greek), Vieno (Esperanto), Viin (Estonian), Vin - װין (Yiddish), Vín (Irish, Icelandic), Vina - וינה (Hebrew), Vínarborg (Icelandic variant), Vindobona (Latin), Vīne (Latvian)*, Viyana (Turkish)*, Vjenë (Albanian), Vjenna (Maltese), Vyana (Azeri), Wean (local Viennese, Austrian and Bavarian dialects)*, Weiyena - 維也納 (Chinese)*, Wene (Afrikaans), Wenen (Dutch)*, Frisian*), Wiedeń (Polish)*, Wien (Danish*, Finnish*, German*, Norwegian*, Swedish*), Wīn - ウィーン (Japanese)*, Wina (Indonesian), فيينا (Arabic), وين (Persian)
France Vienne Vienna (Allobrogium) (Latin), Viena (Portuguese)*, Viena del Delfinat (Catalan), Vienna nel Delfinato (Italian), Vienne (French)
Belarus Vileyka Vileika (Lithuanian), Vilejka - Vilejka (Belarusian), Vilejka - Vilejka (Russian), Wilejka (German, Polish)
Sweden Vilhelmina Vilhelmina (Swedish), Vualtjere (Southern Sami)
Estonia Viljandi Fellin (former German), Felloin (former French), Viljandi (Estonian, Finnish, German, Swedish), Vīlande (Latvian)
Austria Villach Bělák (Czech), Beljak (Slovene)*, Bilachium (Latin), Billaheu / Pillahŭ - 빌라흐 (Korean), Filah (Serbian),Villach (German, Croatian), Villaco (Italian)*
Lithuania Vilnius Billyuseu / Pillyusŭ - 빌뉴스 (Korean), Birinyusu - ビリニュス (Japanese)*, Filniyūs (Arabic), Vėlnios (Samogitian), Vilnias (Irish), Vilna (Italian old fashion, older Croatian, Spanish, Slovene, Finnish, old Romanian variant, English until 1945), Vilne - װילנע (Yiddish), Vilnius (Catalan, Dutch, French, Italian, Lithuanian, Norwegian, Portuguese variant, Romanian, Swedish, Turkish), Vílnius (Portuguese)*, Viļņa (Latvian, old Portuguese), Vilnia - Viľňa (Belarusian), Vilnyus (Azeri), Vilnyus - Vilňus (Bulgarian), Vil'njus - Viľňus (Russian, Ukrainian), Vilnjus (Maltese, Serbian), Vilno (Czech, Esperanto), Vil'no - Viľno (Russian, obsolete), Wilnioes (Dutch alternate), Wilna (Dutch old-fashioned, German), Wilno (Polish), Vílna - Βίλνα (Greek)
Sweden Vindeln Vindeln (Swedish), Vudtele (Southern Sami), Vyöddale (Ume Sami)
North Macedonia Vinica Vinica (English, Croatian), Vinica (Macedonian, Serbian)
Croatia Vinkovci Cibalie (Latin), Vinkovce (Hungarian)
Ukraine Vinnytsia Вінниця (Ukrainian), Винница (Russian), Вінніцкая (Belarusian), Winnica (Polish), Vinycia (Lithuanian), װיניצע (Vinitse) (Yiddish)
Ukraine Vynohradiv Nagyszőlős (Hungarian), Vinohradiv - Vinohradiv (Ukrainian), Winogradów (Polish)
Sweden Visby Visby (Swedish, German alternate), Wisby (German), Visbija (Latvian)
Belgium Visé Visé (Dutch (Netherlands), French), Vizé (Walloon), Wezet (Dutch (Flanders))
Spain Vitoria Gasteiz (Basque), Vitoria (Dutch, German, Romanian, Spanish), Vitória (Portuguese), Vitòria (Catalan), Vitorija (Lithuanian)
Belarus Vitsyebsk Viciebsk / Vitsyebsk - Vicebsk (Belarusian), Vitebsk (Azeri, Dutch alternate, French, Romanian), Vitebsk - Vitebsk (Russian), Vitebsk - װיטעבסק (Yiddish), Vitebska (Latvian), Vitebskas (Lithuanian), Witebsk (Dutch alternate, German, Polish)
Russia Vladikavkaz Dzaudzhikau - Дзауджика́у (former name 1944–1954), Ordzhonikidze - Орджоники́дзе (former name 1932–1944 and 1954–1990), Uładzikaŭkaz - Уладзікаўказ (Belarusian), Vladikaukāza (Latvian), Vladikaukazas (Lithuanian), Vladikavkaz - Владикавка́з (Bulgarian, Russian), Vladiqafqaz (Azeri), Władykaukaz (Polish), Dzæwdžyqæw - Дзæуджыхъæу (Ossetian)
Albania Vlorë Aulon (Latin), Avlónas - Αυλώνας (Greek)*, Avlona (Italian alternate), Avlonya (Turkish)*, Flora (Croatian, Serbian), Valona (English alternate, Italian*), Valona - Valona (Croatian, Serbian), Vlorë / Vlora (Albanian)*, Vlora (German)*, Vlyora - Vl’ora (Bulgarian*, Ukrainian*), Vlyora - Vlera (Russian)*
Croatia Vodnjan Vodnjan (Croatian), Dignano (Italian)
Ukraine Volodymyr Lodymyr - Лодимиръ (historic Ukrainian), Ludmir - לודמיר‎ (Yiddish), Uładzimier - Уладзімер (Belarusian), Vladimir - Владимир (Bulgarian, Russian), Vladimir-Volynsky - Владимир-Волынский (alternate Russian), Volodimir - Володимир (Serbian), Volodımır (Crimean Tatar, Turkish), Volodîmîr (Romanian), Volodymyr - Володимир (Ukrainian), Volodymyr-Volynskyi - Володимир-Волинський (former Ukrainian), Volodymyr (Czech, English, French, Italian, Slovak), Volodymyras (Lithuanian), Włodzimierz (Polish), Włodzimierz Wołyński (former Polish), Wolodymyr (German)
Russia Volgograd Ahş - Аһш (Kalmyk), Carycyn (former Polish), Čarhuli - Чархули (Chuvash), Sarısu - Сарысу (alternative name in Tatar)*, Stalingrad (former name 1925–1961), Tsaritsyn (former name), Volgograd - Волгоград (Bulgarian, Russian, Tatar), Volgograd (Croatian, Romanian, Serbian, Slovene, Turkish), Volgográd (Hungarian), Volgogrado (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Wolgograd (Afrikaans, Dutch, German), Estalinegrado (former Portuguese), Estalingrado (former Spanish), Stalingrado (former Italian), Volgograda (Latvian), Volgogradas (Lithuanian), Wołgograd (Polish)
Russia Vyborg Viiburi (Estonian), Viipuri (Finnish), Viborg - Виборг (Bulgarian), Viborg (Dutch, Romanian, Swedish), Viborga (Latvian), Vīpuri (former Latvian), Wiburg (German), Vyborg - Выборг (Russian), Wyborg (Polish)

W

English name Other names or former names
Poland Wałbrzych Valbžiha (Latvian), Wałbrzych (Polish), Waldenburg (German)
Germany Wangen Vanky (Czech), Wangen (German)
Belgium Waremme Borgworm (Dutch), Warème / Wareme (Walloon), Waremme (French)
Poland Warsaw Bareusyaba / Parŭsyaba - 바르샤바 (Korean), Vársá (Irish), Varšava (Bosnian, Latvian, Czech, Croatian, Slovak, Slovene), - Варшава (Bulgarian, Belarusian, Macedonian, Russian, Serbian, Ukrainian), Varşava (Azeri), Varsavia (Italian), ورشو = Varsho (Persian), Varsavja (Maltese), Varshava (Armenian), Varshe - װאַרשע (Yiddish), Varsjava (Faroese), Varsjá (Icelandic), Varsó (Hungarian), Varsova (Finnish), Varşova (Turkish), Varsovia (Latin, Romansh, Spanish, Tagalog*), Varsovía - Βαρσοβία (Greek), Varsóvia (Portuguese), Varsòvia (Catalan), Varşovia (Romanian), Varsovie (French), Varsovio (Esperanto), Varssavi (Estonian), Varšuva (Lithuanian), Warsawa (Indonesian), Waršawa (Sorbian), Warschau (Dutch, German), Warsjau (Frisian), Warskou (Afrikaans), Wārsū (Arabic), Warszawa (Danish, Polish, Swedish), Warushawa - ワルシャワ (Japanese)*, 華沙 (Chinese), Varsha - ורשה (Hebrew), ওয়ারশ - Oyarsh (Bengali)
Republic of Ireland Waterford Port Láirge (Irish), Port Làirge (Scottish Gaelic), Vaterfjord / Veðrafjǫrðr (Old Norse), Woteopeodeu / Wŏt'ŏp'ŏdŭ - 워터퍼드 (Korean*), Voterfordas (Lithuanian), ওয়াটারফোর্ড - Oyatarfurd (Bengali)
Belgium Wavre Auve / Wåve (Walloon), Waver (Dutch), Wavre (French)*
Germany Weimar Baimareu / Paimarŭ - 바이마르 (Korean*), Vaïmári - Βαϊμάρη (Greek), Vajmar - Vajmar (Bosnian, Bulgarian), Veimāra (Latvian), Veimaras (Lithuanian), Výmar or Vejmar (Czech), Weimar (Indonesian, Dutch, German, Italian, Romanian)
Poland Wejherowo Neustadt in Westpreußen/Neustadt bei Danzig (German), Wejherowo (Polish), Wejherowska Wola (former name), Wejrowò (Kashubian)
Germany Wetzlar Becheullareu / Pech'ŭllarŭ - 베츨라르 (Korean*), Veclāra (Latvian), Veclaras (Lithuanian), Weslår (Walloon), Vétclar (Slovene), Wetzlaria (Latin), Veclaro (Esperanto)
Republic of Ireland Wexford Loch Garman (Irish), Menapia (Latin), Veisafjǫrðr / Waes Fiord (Old Norse), Veksfordas (Lithuanian), ওয়েক্সফোর্ড - Oyekshfurd (Bengali)
Republic of Ireland Wicklow Cill Mhantáin (Irish), Vikinglow / Wykynlo (Old Norse), উইকলো - Uiklo (Bengali)
United KingdomEngland Winchester Caerwynt (Welsh), Venta Belgarum (Latin), Vinčester (Bosnian, Serbian), Vinčesteris (Lithuanian), উইনচেস্টার - Uincheshtar or রাইফেল্বিশেষ - Raifelbisheshh (Bengali)
FranceWissembourg Weißenburg im Elsass (former German)*, Wissembourg (French*, German*)
Poland Włocławek Vuwotsuwaveku - ヴウォツワヴェク (Japanese), Futswaff - فوتسوافك (Arabic), Ladiszló (former Hungarian), Leslau (German, old name), Ulatslavak - Улацлавак (Belarusian), Vloclaveka (Latvian), Vloclavekas (Lithuanian), Vlotslavek - Влоцлавек (Bulgarian, Serbian, Russian), Watsawook - ووتس‌واوک (Persian), Włocławek (Polish)
Germany Wolgast Wolgast (Dutch, German), Wołogoszcz (Polish)
United KingdomEngland Worcester Caerwrangon (Welsh), Vigornia (Latin*), Vorčester (Bosnian, Serbian), Vorčesteris (Lithuanian), Weogorna Ceastre (Old English), Wǔsītè - 伍斯特 (Chinese) ওরসেসটার - Orsheshtar (Bengali)
Germany Worms Boreumseu / Porŭmsŭ - 보름스 (Korean), Vermayze - װערמײַזע (Yiddish), Vormácia (old Portuguese)*, Vormatía - Βορματία (Greek - καθαρεύουσα), Vormsa (Latvian), Wormacja (Polish), Wormazia (former Italian), Worms (Dutch, German, Italian, Romanian), Vormsas (Lithuanian)
Poland Wrocław Beurocheuwapeu / Pŭroch'ŭwap'ŭ - 브로츠와프 (Korean*), Boroszló (former Hungarian), Breslau (former Danish, former Dutch, former English, German, former Norwegian, former Romanian, former Swedish), Braslavia (old Romanian), Breslavia (Italian, Spanish), Breslávia (Portuguese), Urocłaŭ - Uroclaŭ (Belarusian), Vratislav (Czech), Vratislav / Vroclav (Slovak, Serbian, Slovene),Vratislavia / Wratislavia / Wracislavia (Latin), Vroclav - Vroclav (Bosnian, Bulgarian, Serbian), Vroclava (Latvian), Vroclavas (Lithuanian), Vroclavo (Esperanto), Vrotzlav - ורוצלב (Hebrew), Wroclaw (Catalan, Finnish, Romanian, Slovene), Wrocław (Croatian, Polish, Swedish), রোক্ল - Ruklo (Bengali), Vratislavie (French), Vratislaviensis (Latin)
Germany Würzburg Bwireucheubureukeu / Pwirŭch'ŭburŭk'ŭ - 뷔르츠부르크 (Korean*), Vurzburgo (Portuguese variant)*, Wörzborg (Low Saxon), Wurzbourg (French), Wurtzburg (Catalan), Wurtzburgo (Portuguese variant)*, Würzburg (Dutch, German, Romanian), Wurzburgo (Spanish), Vircburga (Latvian)

X

English name Other names or former names
Germany Xanten Santen (Low Rhenish), Xanten (German), Xantum (Latin*)

Y

English name Other names or former names
Ukraine/Autonomous Republic of Crimea Yalta Ialta (Portuguese, Romanian), Jalta (Catalan, Croatian, Czech, Finnish, German, Hungarian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Maltese, Slovak, Serbian, Swedish), Jałta (Polish), Yalta (Azeri, Crimean Tatar, Irish, Italian, Spanish, Turkish), Yalta - Ялта (Bulgarian, Russian, Ukrainian*), Yalta / Yalt'a - 얄타 (Korean), Yaruta - ヤルタ (Japanese)*, יאלטה (Hebrew), Յալթա (Armenian)
Armenia Yerevan Jerevani (Albanian), Yirifan - يريفان (Arabic), Yerevan - Երևան (Armenian), İrəvan (Azerbaijani), Jerevan (Czech, Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Luxembourgish, Swedish), Erevan (French, Catalan, Corsican), Erevani - ერევანი (Georgian), Erivan (Turkish), Eriwan (German), Ereván - Ερεβάν (Greek), Yérévvān - ירוואן (Hebrew), Jereván (Hungarian), エレバン (Japanese), 예레반 (Korean), Erevāna (Latvian), Jerevanas (Lithuanian), Iravān - ایروان (Persian), Erywań (Polish), Erevan - Ереван (Bulgarian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Macedonian, Tajik), Yerevan - Ереван (Russian), Yeryevan - Ереван (Mongolian), Jerevan - Јереван (Serbian), Ereván (Spanish), Yere Wān - เยเรวาน (Thai)
Ukraine/Autonomous Republic of Crimea Yevpatoria Eupatoria (Latin, Polish*, Romanian*, Spanish), Evpatoría - Ευπατορία (Greek), Evpatorya (Turkish)*, Gözlöve or Gözleve (older Turkish)*, Jevpatorija (Finnish), Kerkinítis - Κερκινίτις (Greek variant), Kezlev (Crimean Tatar)*, Kozłów (older Polish)*, Yevpatoria - Եվպատորիա (Armenian), Yevpatoriya - Евпатория (Russian)*, Yevpatoriya - Євпаторія (Ukrainian)*, Eipatorija (Latvian)
United KingdomEngland York Caerefrog / Efrog (Welsh), Eabhrac (Irish), Eabhraig (Scottish Gaelic), Eboracum (Latin), Efrawg (Breton, Cornish), Evórakon - Εβόρακον (Greek - καθαρεύουσα), Evrok (Cornish), Iorc (Catalan), Iorque (Portuguese), Jorvik (ancient Scandinavian), Jórvík (Icelandic), Jork (Bosnian, Polish), Jork - Јорк (Macedonian, Serbian), Jorko (Esperanto), Jorka (Latvian), Jorkas (Lithuanian), Yokeu / Yok'ŭ - 요크 (Korean), York (Azeri, Croatian, Italian, Slovene), York - Йорк (Russian), Yórki - Υόρκη (Greek), 約克 (Chinese), יורק (Hebrew)
Belgium Ypres Ieper (Dutch), Ieperen (Dutch dialect variant), Ypres (French, Finnish, Romanian), Ypern (German), Ipres (Catalan, Portuguese*), Ipro (Esperanto), Ipra (Latvian)

Z

English name Other names or former names
Poland Zabrze Hindenburg (German 1915–1945), Zabrze (Polish), Zabujei - ザブジェイ (Japanese)*
Croatia Zadar Diadora (Romanian), Iader (Latin, Liburnian), Ídassa - Ίδασσα (Greek), Jadareu / Chadarŭ - 자다르 (Korean*), Zadar (Croatian, Polish, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene), Zadara (Latvian), Zadaras (Lithuanian), Zára (Hungarian), Zara (Italian, Portuguese), Zarje (Chakavian, early Croat), Jadres (French)
Croatia Zagreb Agram (former German and Russian), Ágranon - Άγρανον (Greek - καθαρεύουσα), Zagrabia (Latin), Agranum (former Latin name), Jageurebeu / Chagŭrebŭ - 자그레브 (Korean), Sagelebu (simplified Chinese: 萨格勒布; traditional Chinese: 薩格勒布; pinyin: Sàgélèbù; Jyutping: Saat3 gaak3 laak6 bou3), Ságrab (Irish), Zagabria (Italian), Zágráb (Hungarian), Zagreb (Asturian, Indonesian, Croatian, Finnish, German, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish), Zagreb - Загреб (Bulgarian, Macedonian, Serbian), Żagreb (Maltese, Chakavian), Zagreba (Latvian), Zagrebas (Lithuanian), Zagrebe (Portuguese), Zagrebo (Esperanto), Zagrep (Turkish, Kaykavian), Zaġrib - زغرب (Arabic), Zagrzeb (Polish), Zāgreb - زاگرب (Persian), Záhřeb (Czech), Záhreb (Slovak), Zahreb - Загреб (Ukrainian), Zagurebu - ザグレブ (Japanese)*, জাগরেব - Jagreb (Bengali), זגרב‎ (Hebrew)
Czech Republic Zákupy Reichstadt (German)*, Zákupy (Czech)*
Spain Zaragoza Caesaraugusta (Latin), Saragoça (Portuguese), Saragosa - 사라고사 (Korean), Saragosa (Ladino*, Latvian, Serbian, Slovene), Saragossa (English [US], Catalan, German, Polish), Saragosse (French), Saragozza (Italian), Sarqasta - سرقسطة (Arabic), Zaragoza (Aragonese, Czech, English [UK], Finnish, Romanian, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish), Saragosa - Сарагоса (Bulgarian, Russian), Saragosa - サラゴサ (Japanese)*, জারাগোজা - Jaraguja (Bengali)
Belgium Zeebrugge Zeebrügge (German), Zeebruges (French)
Switzerland Zermatt Praborgne (French)
Ukraine Zhytomyr Jitomir (Romanian), Jitomireu / Chit'omirŭ - 지토미르 (Korean*), Jytomyr (French), Schytomyr (German), Žitomir - Житомир (Bulgarian, Russian), Zhitomir - זשיטאָמיר‎ (Yiddish), Žytomyr - Житомир (Ukrainian), Żytomierz (Polish), Žytomir - Жытомір (Belarusian), Žytomyr (Finnish)
Poland Zielona Góra Grünberg (German), Mons Viridis (Latin), Zielona Góra (Polish)
Germany Zittau Žitava (Czech, Slovak), Zittau (Dutch, German), Żytawa (Polish)
Czech Republic Zlín Gottwaldov (former name), Zlín (Czech, Slovak)
Russia Znamensk Vėluva (Lithuanian), Wehlau (German), Welawa (Polish), Znamensk (Russian)
Czech Republic Znojmo Znaim (German), Znojmo (Czech, Polish, Slovak)
Ukraine Zolochiv Jollochiu / Cholloch'iu - 졸로치우 (Korean)*, Złoczew or Złoczów (Polish), Zlotshev / Zlotchov - זלאָטשעװ / זלאָטשאָוו‎ (Yiddish), Zoločev - Золочев (Russian), Zoločiv - Золочів (Ukrainian)
Serbia Zrenjanin Becicherecu Mare (Romanian), Großbetschkerek (German), Nagybecskerek (Hungarian)
Switzerland Zug Chukeu / Ch'uk'ŭ - 추크 (Korean)*, Zoug (French alternate), Zug (Dutch, German, Romansh), Zugo (Italian)
Switzerland Zürich Chūrih(h)i - チューリ(ッ)ヒ (Japanese)*, Chwirihi / Ch'wirihi - 취리히 (Korean), Cirih - Цирих (Serbian), Cīrihe (Latvian), Ciūrichas (Lithuanian), Ciurych - Цюрых (Belarusian), Curiĥo (Esperanto), Curych (Czech), Cürik (old Hungarian), Sūlíshì - 蘇黎世 (Chinese), Tigurum (medieval Latin), Tsyurih - Цюрих (Bulgarian, Russian Ukrainian), Turicum (Latin), Turitg (Romansh), Zurich (French), Zürich (Croatian, Dutch, Estonian, German, Finnish, Hungarian, Romanian, Slovene, Swedish), Sürix, Zürix (Azeri), Zúrich (Spanish), Zurigo (Italian), Zürih (Turkish), Zūrīk (Arabic), Zurique (Portuguese), Zurych (Polish), Zūrikh - زوریخ (Persian), Zyríchi - Ζυρίχη (Greek), Zyrih (Albanian), Tzirich - ציריך‎ (Hebrew), জুরিখ - Jurikh (Bengali)
Slovakia Zvolen Altsohl (German), Zólyom (Hungarian), জোভলেন - Jubholen (Bengali)
Germany Zweibrücken Bipontium (Latin), Deux-Ponts (French), Zweibrücken (German), Dos Puentes (Spanish*)
Germany Zwickau Cheubikau / Ch'ŭbik'au - 츠비카우 (Korean*), Cvikov (Czech, Slovak), Zwickau (Dutch, German)
Slovakia Žilina Sillein (German), Jillina / Jil'li'na - 질리나 (Korean*), Solna (Latin), Žilina (Czech, Slovak), Žilina - Жилина (Bulgarian, Russian, Serbian), Żylina (Polish), Zsolna (Hungarian), ז'ילינה‎ (Hebrew)

References

  1. ^ "Kyiv (Kiev) Travel Guide. Kiev?, Kyiv?! Which is right?". UA Zone.
  2. ^ a b c d e f J. G. Th. Graesse, Orbis Latinus (Dresden: Schönfeld, 1861; 1909. Brunswick, 1972) Ed. 1861 Ed. 1909 Ed. 1972
  3. ^ Snoj, Marko (2009). Etimološki slovar slovenskih zemljepisnih imen. Ljubljana: Modrijan. p. 454.
  4. ^ "Mleci" at Hrvatski jezični portal. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
  5. ^ Johann Wilhelm von Archenholz. "Nachricht von einem unbekannt gebliebenen deutschen Völkchen." Minerva. Vol. 4. Hamburg, 1814.
  6. ^ L'origine dei Cimbri at i Fabris. Retrieved 20 September 2016.