Monohalomethane

Structural formula
Name Fluoromethane
Methyl fluoride 		Chloromethane
Methyl chloride 		Bromomethane
Methyl bromide 		Iodomethane
Methyl iodide
Melting point −137,8 °C[1] −97,4 °C[2] −93,7 °C[3] −66 °C[4]
Boiling point −78,4 °C[1] −23,8 °C[2] 4,0 °C[3] 42 °C[4]
Space-filling model

The monohalomethanes are organic compounds in which a hydrogen atom in methane is replaced by a halogen. They belong to the haloalkanes or to the subgroup of halomethanes.

The four common[a] members are fluoromethane, chloromethane, bromomethane and iodomethane.

Historical name for this group is methyl halides; it's still widely used. The compounds of this class are often described as CH3X or MeX (X - any halogen, Me - methyl group).

See also: Group 14 tetrahydride

There are analogs with more than one hydrogen atom in methane is replaced by a halogen:

Analogs with carbon atom replaced with a heavier group 14 element are also known:

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Highly radioactive CH3At (methyl astatide) has been detected.[5] The known isotopes of even heavier group 17 element, tennessine, are too short-lived to allow for chemical experimentation.

References

  1. ^ a b Record of Fluoromethane in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, accessed on 2020-02-29.
  2. ^ a b Record of Chloromethane in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, accessed on 2020-02-29.
  3. ^ a b Record of Bromomethane in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, accessed on 2020-02-29.
  4. ^ a b Record of Iodomethane in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, accessed on 2020-02-29.
  5. ^ "Chemical Fact Sheet: Astatine". European Virtual Institute for Speciation Analysis (EVISA).


Wikimedia Commons has media related to Monohalomethanes.